Postman-Restfule

Postman-Restfule

一，概念简述

Postman是一个软件

Restful:是一种软件架构风格，为了提供一组设计原则和约束条件，用于客户端和服务器交互的软件，

二，对于REST的理解

1，互联网软件的架构

2，REST———–>（Resource）Representational State Transfer “资源” 表现层状态转化

3，资源（Resource）:可以使一段文本，图片，一首歌。。。。就是一个具体的实在。要获得他的资源就必须访问他的URL，因此URL就成了每一个资源的地址会独一无二的标识符

4，表现层（Representation）:在这里表现层并不是指的是：例如文本的表现形式txt, 也可以用html 格式等。URL代表资源的实体，或者是代表资源的位置。他的具体表现形式，应该在HTTP请求的头信息中用Accept和Content-Type字段指定，这两个字段才是对表现层的表述

5，状态转化（State Transfer）:

​ 如果客户端想要操作服务器，必须通过某种手段，让服务器端发生“状态转化（数据和状态转化）”，而这种转化是建立在表现层之上的，所以就是表现层状态转化

6，HTTP协议里面：有四个基本操作方式

​ GET：用来获取资源

​ POST: 用来新建资源（也可以用来更新资源）

​ PUT：用来更新资源

​ DELETE：用来删除资源

7，总结；

​ Restful架构是什么：

​ 1，每一个URL代表一种资源

​ 2，客户端和服务器之间，传递这种资源的某种表现层

​ 3，客户端通过这四个HTTP动词，对服务器资源进行操作，实现“表现层状态转化”

三，用springboot+jpa 搭建Restful框架

一，项目的总体分层

1，domain

package com.yztc.demo.domain;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Table(name = "employee")
public class Employee {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;
    @Column
    private String name;
    @Column
    private String address;
    @Column
    private String photo;

    public Employee() {
    }

    public Employee(String name, String address, String photo) {
        this.name = name;
        this.address = address;
        this.photo = photo;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Employee{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                ", photo='" + photo + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String getPhoto() {
        return photo;
    }

    public void setPhoto(String photo) {
        this.photo = photo;
    }
}

2,repository

package com.yztc.demo.repository;

import com.yztc.demo.domain.Employee;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

public interface EmployeeRepository extends JpaRepository<Employee,Integer>{

}

3,service

EmpService

package com.yztc.demo.service;

import com.yztc.demo.domain.Employee;
import com.yztc.demo.status.ResultMsg;

import java.util.List;

public interface EmpService {
    /**
     * 添加
     * @param employee  参数是employee
     * @return  返回一个对象，对象里面有状态码和属性两个属性
     */
    public ResultMsg saveEmployee(Employee employee);

    /**
     * 查找所有的
     * 不需要参数
     * @return  返回一个list集合，集合里面是Employee实体类
     */
    public List<Employee> findAllEmployee();

    /**
     * 根据id进行删除
     * @param id 参数是id
     * @return  返回一个对象。对象里面存放状态码，和信息
     */
    public ResultMsg deleteEmployee(Integer id);
}

EmpServiceImpl

package com.yztc.demo.service;

import com.yztc.demo.domain.Employee;
import com.yztc.demo.repository.EmployeeRepository;
import com.yztc.demo.status.ResultMsg;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

@Service
public class EmployeeServiceImpl implements EmpService {
    /**
     * 注入EmployeeRepository,里面提供了增删改查的方法
     */
    @Autowired
    private EmployeeRepository employeeRepository;

    /**
     * 添加，添加成功返回数字1，添加失败返回数字-1
     * @param employee  参数是employee
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public ResultMsg saveEmployee(Employee employee) {
        try{
            employeeRepository.save(employee);
            return new ResultMsg(1,"添加成功");
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return new ResultMsg(-1,"添加失败");
    }

    /**
     * 查找所有
     * @return 返回List集合
     */
    @Override
    public List<Employee> findAllEmployee() {
        return employeeRepository.findAll();
    }

    /**
     * 删除，根据id进行删除，所以参数是id，删除成功返回数字1，删除失败返回数字-1
     * @param id 参数是id
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public ResultMsg deleteEmployee(Integer id) {
        try{
            employeeRepository.delete(id);
            return new ResultMsg(1,"删除成功");
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return new ResultMsg(-1,"删除失败");
    }
}

4,status

package com.yztc.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Resufuldemo1Application {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(Resufuldemo1Application.class, args);
   }
}

5,controller

package com.yztc.demo.controller;

import com.yztc.demo.domain.Employee;
import com.yztc.demo.service.EmpService;
import com.yztc.demo.status.ResultMsg;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
public class EmployeeController {
    /**
     * 注入EmpService 以此来进行调用EmpService的方法
     */
    @Autowired
    private EmpService empService;

    /**
     * 添加
     * @param employee 参数是employee实体类
     * @return  返回对象
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/addemployee",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public ResultMsg addEmployee(Employee employee){
        System.out.println(employee);
        return empService.saveEmployee(employee);
    }

    /**
     * 查找所有的
     * @return 返回一个List集合
     */
    @RequestMapping("/findAll")
    public List<Employee> findAll(){
        List<Employee> employeeList = empService.findAllEmployee();
        return employeeList;
    }

    /**
     * 根据id进行删除，返回对象ResultMsg
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("deleteEmployee")
    public ResultMsg deleteEmployee(@RequestParam Integer id){
        return empService.deleteEmployee(id);
    }
}

6,jpa的配置文件

spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql

spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
spring.jpa.generate-ddl=true

7，pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

   <groupId>com.yztc.demo</groupId>
   <artifactId>resufuldemo1</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <packaging>jar</packaging>

   <name>resufuldemo1</name>
   <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

   <parent>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
      <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
      <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
   </parent>

   <properties>
      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
      <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
      <java.version>1.8</java.version>
   </properties>

   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>mysql</groupId>
         <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
         <version>5.1.40</version>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>com.jayway.jsonpath</groupId>
         <artifactId>json-path</artifactId>
         <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
         <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
   </dependencies>

   <build>
      <plugins>
         <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
         </plugin>
      </plugins>
   </build>


</project>

四，在postman中输入地址来进行访问实现增删改查

2](C:\Users\gp\Desktop\知识点\图片\QQ图片20170830202032.jpg)