Lock

Lock

synchronized与Lock的区别

类别	synchronized	Lock
结构	Java关键字	Java类
释放锁	等待已经获取锁的线程同步完代码后释放锁、线程发生异常，jvm让线程释放锁	在finally中释放锁，否则会造成线程死锁
获取锁	等待其他线程释放锁	可以尝试获取锁，不用一直等待
锁状态	无法判断	可以判断
锁类型	可重入、不可中断、非公平	可重入、可判断、可公平
性能	少量同步	大量同步

源码分析

public interface Lock {

    /**
     * Acquires the lock.
     */
    void lock();

    /**
     * Acquires the lock unless the current thread is
     * {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}.
     */
    void lockInterruptibly() throws InterruptedException;

    /**
     * Acquires the lock only if it is free at the time of invocation.
     */
    boolean tryLock();

    /**
     * Acquires the lock if it is free within the given waiting time and the
     * current thread has not been {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}.
     */
    boolean tryLock(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException;

    /**
     * Releases the lock.
     */
    void unlock();
	/**
     * Returns a new {@link Condition} instance that is bound to this
     * {@code Lock} instance.
     * @return A new {@link Condition} instance for this {@code Lock} instance
     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this {@code Lock}
     *         implementation does not support conditions
     */
    Condition newCondition();
}

• lock(): 获取锁，如果锁被占用则一直等待
• unlock()：释放锁
• tryLock(): 获取锁时锁被占用返回false，否则true
• tryLock(long time, TimeUnit unit)：增加一个等待时间
• lockInterruptibly()：线程在获取锁的阶段进入等待，那么中断次线程，先去完成其他任务
• Condition newCondition()：返回绑定到此 Lock 实例的新 Condition