（Spring笔记）SpringMVC的@ResponseBody与JQuery的Ajax返回JSON数组——学生集合案例

电竞丶小松哥

已于 2022-07-22 10:00:30 修改

阅读量730

点赞数

分类专栏： Spring笔记文章标签： springmvc ajax jquery jackson json

于 2022-07-22 09:54:23 首次发布

ZSAndroid

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39038178/article/details/125917946

版权

Spring笔记专栏收录该内容

24 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

三、控制层

五、web.xml

五、总结

本章学习源码Github地址：https://github.com/GuiZhouAndroid/MySpringMVCAllProject/tree/master/SpringMVCDemo03_Ajax

一、前端代码

点击Button按钮，触发点击事件，才此事件绑定在getlist()函数上。函数使用发送Ajax请求后端接口，获取学生集合的JSON数组，并遍历拼接展示在浏览器上。

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/jquery/3.6.0/jquery.js"></script>
<body>
<button onclick="getlist()">点击获取学生集合</button>
<div id="list">正在请求数据...</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
    function getlist() {
        $.ajax({
            url: '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/list.do',
            dataType: 'json',
            success: function (result) {
                let s = "";
                $.each(result, function (item, stu) {
                    s += stu.name + "----" + stu.age + "</br>"
                })
                $("#list").html(s);
            }
        })
    }
</script>
</body>
</html>

二、学生实体类

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Student() {
    }


    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

三、控制层

创建四个学生对象，放入List集合，Spring借助Jackson的ObjectMapper进行自动转换将List集合转为Json数组响应到Ajax。

@Controller
public class AjaxController {
    
    @RequestMapping("/list.do")
    @ResponseBody //用来解析Ajax的请求，使用此注解，必须在spirngmvc.xml中配置注解驱动
    public List<Student> listStudent() {
        List<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();
        students.add(new Student("张三", 20));
        students.add(new Student("李四", 30));
        students.add(new Student("王五", 40));
        students.add(new Student("赵六", 50));
        return students;//SpirngMVC框架借助jackson会将此集合转为json数组,最终响应到ajax的success(result))形参中
    }
}

四、springmvc.xml

（1）基于注解开发，添加包扫描

（2）使用注解@ResponseBody响应JSON格式返回，必须在springmvc.xml配置文件中添加注解驱动支持。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.dhrj.java.zsitking.controller"/>
    <!-- 处理Ajax请求不用添加视图解析器，添加注解驱动专门为Ajax的请求提供服务 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>

五、web.xml

（1）添加中文乱码过滤器

（2）注册SpringMVC中央控制器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>