Hibernate框架简单使用——示例

主要介绍下Hibernate框架的简单使用，以保存学生基本信息作为例子

我用的开发工具是Eclipse Oxygen 4.7.1a，在此之前需要安装Hibernate tools的插件，主要为了方便开发，之后我会写个博客如何去安装这插件。

项目结构

1.导入基本jar包

2.创建Hibernate配置文件

hibernate.cfg.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <property name="connection.username">root</property> <!-- 用户名 -->
        <property name="connection.password">123456</property>  <!-- 密码 -->
        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <!-- 驱动类名 -->
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///hibernate?userUnicode=true&amp;charaterEncoding=UTF-8</property><!-- 数据库url -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <!-- 方言 -->

        <property name="show_sql">true</property> <!-- 在控制台显示SQL语句 -->
        <property name="format_sql">true</property> <!-- 格式化SQL语句 -->
        <property name="hibernate.default_schema">hibernate</property>  <!-- 默认的数据库 -->
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property> <!-- 删除原表创建新表 -->

        <!-- 配置映射文件 -->
        <mapping resource="Students.hbm.xml"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

3.创建Students实体类

Students.java:

package hibernate_001;

import java.util.Date;

public class Students {

    private int sid; // 学号
    private String sname; // 姓名
    private String gender; // 性别
    private Date birthday; // 出生日期
    private String address; // 地址

    public Students() {

    };

    public Students(int sid, String sname, String gender, Date birthday, String address) {
        this.sid = sid;
        this.sname = sname;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.birthday = birthday;
        this.address = address;
    }

    public int getSid() {
        return sid;
    }

    public void setSid(int sid) {
        this.sid = sid;
    }

    public String getSname() {
        return sname;
    }

    public void setSname(String sname) {
        this.sname = sname;
    }

    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(String gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Students [sid=" + sid + ", sname=" + sname + ", gender=" + gender + ", birthday=" + birthday
                + ", address=" + address + "]";
    }

}

4.创建映射文件

Students.hbm.xml：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2018-7-13 18:37:36 by Hibernate Tools 3.5.0.Final -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="hibernate_001.Students" table="STUDENTS">
        <id name="sid" type="int">
            <column name="SID" />
            <generator class="assigned" />
        </id>
        <property name="sname" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="SNAME" />
        </property>
        <property name="gender" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="GENDER" />
        </property>
        <property name="birthday" type="java.util.Date">
            <column name="BIRTHDAY" />
        </property>
        <property name="address" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="ADDRESS" />
        </property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

5.创建测试类

package hibernate_001;

import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

public class StudentsTest {
    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    private Session session;
    private Transaction transaction;

    @Before  //初始化方法
    public void before() {
        //创建配置对象
        Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();
        //创建服务注册对象
        ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
        //创建会话工产对象
        sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
        //会话对象
        session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        //开启事务
        transaction = session.beginTransaction();
    }

    @After    //释放资源
    public void after() {
        transaction.commit(); //提交事务
        session.close();    //关闭会话
        sessionFactory.close(); //关闭会话工产
    }

    @Test     //测试方法
    public void studentsTest() {
        Students stu = new Students(1, "李四", "男", new Date(), "软件工程");
        session.save(stu);
    }


}

6.效果展示
控制台输出结果如下，此时Hibernate自动帮我们在数据库中创建了students表

先创建好hibernate数据库，students表可以不用创建先，让Hibernate自动创建它。

发现自定义的学生信息已经保存成功了！