Java读取邮件并生成读取邮件文件eml

南大白

已于 2023-12-15 13:52:08 修改

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文章标签： java apache 开发语言

于 2023-12-04 17:06:46 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39069718/article/details/134788673

版权

1.JavaMail的关键对象

Properties：属性对象

Properties props = new Properties();
props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.sina.com.cn");
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");

针对不同的的邮件协议，JavaMail规定了服务提供者必须支持一系列属性，下表是针对SMTP协议的一些常见属性（属性值都以String类型进行设置，属性类型栏仅表示属性是如何被解析的）：

属性名	属性类型	说明
mail.stmp.host	String	SMTP服务器地址，如smtp.sina.com.cn
mail.stmp.port	int	SMTP服务器端口号，默认为25
mail.stmp.auth	boolean	SMTP服务器是否需要用户认证，默认为false
mail.stmp.user	String	SMTP默认的登陆用户名
mail.stmp.from	String	默认的邮件发送源地址
mail.stmp.socketFactory.class	String	socket工厂类类名，通过设置该属性可以覆盖提供者默认的实现，必须实现javax.net.SocketFactory接口
mail.stmp.socketFactory.port	int	指定socket工厂类所用的端口号，如果没有规定，则使用默认的端口号
mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback	boolean	设置为true时，当使用指定的socket类创建socket失败后，将使用java.net.Socket创建socket，默认为true
mail.stmp.timeout	int	I/O连接超时时间，单位为毫秒，默认为永不超时

2. 生成邮件（需要从邮件服务器中获取）

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;

public class EmailReader {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 邮箱配置
        String host = "pop.163.com";
        String username = "111@163.com";
        String password = "21212";
        // 创建连接属性
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put("mail.pop3.host", host);
        // 创建会话
        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props,
                new javax.mail.Authenticator() {
                    protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                        return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password);
                    }
                });
        try {
            // 取得pop3协议的邮件服务器
            Store store = session.getStore("pop3");
            // 连接pop.qq.com邮件服务器
            store.connect(host, username, password);

            // 打开收件箱
            //返回文件夹对象
            Folder folder = store.getFolder("INBOX");
            //设置仅读
            folder.open(Folder.READ_ONLY);

            // 读取邮件
            Message[] messages = folder.getMessages();
            for (int i = 0; i < messages.length; i++) {
                Message message = messages[i];
                // 处理邮件，例如保存为文件
//                saveAsEmlFile(message, username+"_" + i + ".eml");

                String from = InternetAddress.toString( messages[i].getFrom());
                System.out.println("from = " + from);
                String s = mimeDecodeString(from);
                System.out.println("s = " + s);
                String replyTo = InternetAddress.toString( messages[i].getReplyTo());
                System.out.println("replyTo = " + replyTo);
                String to = InternetAddress.toString( messages[i].getRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO));
                System.out.println("to = " + to);
                String subject =  messages[i].getSubject();
                System.out.println("subject = " + subject);
                Date sentDate =  messages[i].getSentDate();
                System.out.println("sentDate = " + sentDate);
                Date receDate =  messages[i].getReceivedDate();
                System.out.println("receDate = " + receDate);
                Enumeration headers =  messages[i].getAllHeaders();
                System.out.println("headers = " + headers);

            }
            // 要关闭与 folder 和 store 的连接
            // 关闭收件箱和邮件存储
            folder.close(false);
            store.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 乱码处理
     * @param res
     * @return
     */
    public static String mimeDecodeString(String res) {
        if(res != null) {
            res = res.trim();
            try {
                if (res.startsWith("=?GB") || res.startsWith("=?gb")
                        || res.startsWith("=?UTF") || res.startsWith("=?utf")) {
                    res = MimeUtility.decodeText(res);
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.out.println("乱码处理出错==>" + res+ "<=====>"+e);
            }
            return res;
        }
        return null;
    }


    private static void saveAsEmlFile(Message message, String filename) throws Exception {
        // 创建邮件文件
        FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(filename);
        message.writeTo(outputStream);
        outputStream.close();
    }
}

3.详细介绍

生成带附件的eml文件，可以使用JavaMail API来实现。JavaMail API是Java平台上用于发送和接收电子邮件的标准API。

4.生成代码（根据业务自己拼接数据生成eml）

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
 
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
 
public class EmlWithAttachment {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 发送者和接收者的电子邮件地址
        String from = "sendr@example.com";
        String to = "rever@example.com";
 
        // 邮件主题和正文内容
        String subject = "测邮件";
        String bodyText = "这带有附件的测试邮件。";
 
        // 附件文件路径
        String attachmentPath = "/to/attachment.txt";
 
        // 生成eml文件的路径
        String emlFilePath = "/to/generated.eml";
 
        // 设置邮件会话属性
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);
 
        try {
            // 创建一个新的MimeMessage对象
            MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
 
            // 设置发件人和收件人
            message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
            message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
 
            // 设置邮件主题
            message.setSubject(subject);
 
            // 创建多部分消息
            Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
 
            // 创建文本部分
            BodyPart textPart = new MimeBodyPart();
            textPart.setText(bodyText);
            multipart.addBodyPart(textPart);
 
            // 创建附件部分
            BodyPart attachmentPart = new MimeBodyPart();
            FileDataSource fileDataSource = new FileDataSource(new File(attachmentPath));
            attachmentPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fileDataSource));
            attachmentPart.setFileName(fileDataSource.getName());
            multipart.addBodyPart(attachmentPart);
 
            // 将多部分消息设置为消息内容
            message.setContent(multipart);
 
            // 保存生成的eml文件
            try (OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File(emlFilePath))) {
                message.writeTo(outputStream);
            }
 
            System.out.println("生成带附件的eml文件成功！");
        } catch (MessagingException | IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

请注意，上述代码需要依赖JavaMail API库。需要在Maven项目中添加以下依赖项来使用JavaMail API：

<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.mail-api</artifactId>
    <version>1.6.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
    <version>1.6.2</version>
</dependency>

5.读取eml文件

import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Properties;

public class EMLReader {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 创建Session对象
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, null);
        
        // 读取EML文件
        File emlFile = new File("email.eml");
        MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session, new FileInputStream(emlFile));
        
        // 解析邮件内容
        String from = message.getFrom()[0].toString();
        String to = message.getRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO)[0].toString();
        String subject = message.getSubject();
        Date sentDate = message.getSentDate();
        String content = getTextFromMimeMultipart((MimeMultipart) message.getContent());
        
        // 输出邮件信息
        System.out.println("From: " + from);
        System.out.println("To: " + to);
        System.out.println("Subject: " + subject);
        System.out.println("Sent Date: " + sentDate);
        System.out.println("Content: " + content);
    }
    
    private static String getTextFromMimeMultipart(MimeMultipart mimeMultipart) throws Exception {
        int count = mimeMultipart.getCount();
        if (count == 0) {
            throw new Exception("No message content found.");
        }
        boolean textFound = false;
        String result = "";
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            BodyPart bodyPart = mimeMultipart.getBodyPart(i);
            if (bodyPart.isMimeType("text/plain")) {
                result = bodyPart.getContent().toString();
                textFound = true;
                break;
            } else if (bodyPart.isMimeType("text/html")) {
                result = bodyPart.getContent().toString();
                textFound = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (!textFound) {
            throw new Exception("No text content found in the email.");
        }
        return result;
    }
}

报错：

java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.String cannot be cast to javax.mail.Multipart at gridnotifierproject_pcbuild.HandleMailInput.retrieveOneMail(HandleMailInput.java:37) at gridnotifierproject_pcbuild.GridNotifierProject_PCBuild.main(GridNotifierProject_PCBuild.java:22)

解决方案：

Object content = msg.getContent();  
if (content instanceof String)  
{  
    String body = (String)content;  
    ...  
}  
else if (content instanceof Multipart)  
{  
    Multipart mp = (Multipart)content;  
    ...  
}

发送附件

try {
			Session session = JavaMailUtils.createSession();
			String text = "我来自于蛮荒，直至存活至公元<b>2111</b>年，这是发给过去的我";
			
			// 2.创建邮件对象(Message抽象类的子类对象)
			MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session); // 传入session对象
			msg.setFrom(new InternetAddress("zf5209926@163.com")); // 发件人
			msg.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress("********@qq.com")); // 收件人
			msg.setSubject("来自未来的你", "utf-8"); // 标题

			// 邮件内容"复合"对象
			Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();

			// 正文
			BodyPart textPart = new MimeBodyPart();
			// 参数1：正文内容
			// 参数2： 内容类型 ; 字符编码集
			textPart.setContent(text, "text/html;charset=utf-8");

			// 附件
			BodyPart imagePart = new MimeBodyPart();
			imagePart.setFileName("WSY.jpg");
			// 数据处理对象()
			imagePart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(
					new ByteArrayDataSource(Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get("C:\\Users\\Pictures\\Saved Pictures\\ya.jpg")),
							"application/octet-stream")));

			// 添加至邮件内容
			multipart.addBodyPart(textPart); // 添加正文
			multipart.addBodyPart(imagePart); // 添加附件

			// 设置邮件内容
			msg.setContent(multipart);

			Transport.send(msg);

		} catch (MessagingException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

一个Multipart对象可以添加若干个BodyPart，其中第一个BodyPart是文本，即邮件正文，后面的BodyPart是附件。BodyPart依靠setContent()决定添加的内容，如果添加文本，用setContent("...", "text/plain;charset=utf-8")添加纯文本，或者用setContent("...", "text/html;charset=utf-8")添加HTML文本。如果添加附件，需要设置文件名（不一定和真实文件名一致），并且添加一个DataHandler()，传入文件的MIME类型。二进制文件可以用application/octet-stream，Word文档则是application/msword。
最后，通过setContent()把Multipart添加到Message中，即可发送

6. 如果是url格式，想直接转换成附件

URL url=new URL(aaaurl);

DataSource datasource=new URLDataSource(url);

DataHandler datahander=new DataHandler (datasource);

7.可以添加到添加 Content-Location 头部字段

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;

public class CreateEML {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 设置邮件会话属性
            Properties props = new Properties();
            Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, null);

            // 创建邮件消息
            MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);

            // 设置发件人
            message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("sender@qq.com"));

            // 设置收件人
            message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress("recipient@example.com"));

            // 设置主题
            message.setSubject("测试 EML 文件");

            // 创建消息主体
            Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();

            // 添加文本部分
            MimeBodyPart textPart = new MimeBodyPart();
            textPart.setText("这是一个包含附件的测试 EML 文件。", "gb2312");
            multipart.addBodyPart(textPart);

            // 添加附件部分
            MimeBodyPart attachmentPart = new MimeBodyPart();
            // attachment.txt 可以是个空文件，只要文件的名字是正确的就OK
            DataSource source = new FileDataSource("path/to/your/attachment.txt");
            attachmentPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
            attachmentPart.setFileName("attachment.txt");
            // 添加 Content-Location 头部字段
            attachmentPart.setHeader("Content-Location", "http://examwwwple.com/attachment.txt");
            multipart.addBodyPart(attachmentPart);

            // 将消息主体设置到消息中
            message.setContent(multipart);

            // 保存 EML 文件
            FileOutputStream emlFile = new FileOutputStream("path/to/your/message.eml");
            message.writeTo(emlFile);
            emlFile.close();

            System.out.println("EML 文件创建成功。");

        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

8.多人的时候，添加

String[] spilt=sss.split(",");

Address[] address=new Address[spilt.length];

for(int i=0;i<spilt.length;i++){

String spt=spilt[i];

address[i]=new InternetAddress(spt);

}

Message.setRecipients(RecipientType.CC,address);