mac下安装和使用brew

最新推荐文章于 2024-12-30 10:47:33 发布

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/fxp850899969/article/details/53284193

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安装brew

执行以下命令即可安装brew最新版本（https://github.com/Homebrew/install）

/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

更新brew

1，最简单粗暴方式：卸载现有版本brew，重新安装最新版本
卸载现有版本，执行

/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/uninstall)"

安装最新版本，执行

/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

2，不愿采用先卸载再安装方式的话，可以如下操作

执行以下命令

brew update

报错：Error: /usr/local must be writable!

需要赋给/usr/local目录权限，执行sudo chown -R $(whoami) /usr/local，即

sudo chown -R fxp /usr/local

其中fxp为系统当前用户名。

继续报错：chown: /usr/local: Operation not permitted

这是Mac OS 10.13版本之后加强了权限的限制，尤其是对/usr/local目录，默认开通 SIP （System Intergrity Protection），它禁止了软件以root身份在Mac上运行（参考https://blog.csdn.net/shaobo8910/article/details/81121314）。

解决办法：关闭SIP
1.重启Mac，按住Command + R键直到Apple Logo出现，进入Recovery Mode模式
2.点击工具里的Terminal（终端）
3.执行 csrutil disable
4.重启Mac
5.重启完成后，执行 sudo chflags norestricted /usr/local && sudo chown -R fxp/usr/local

（如果想重新开启安全设置，则重复1、2步骤，输入csrutil enable就可以了）

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以下安装方式已无效

1，安装brew

curl -LsSf http://github.com/mxcl/homebrew/tarball/master | sudo tar xvz -C/usr/local --strip 1

2，安装完成后执行

brew

提示：Please run brew update!

3，按照提示更新，执行

brew update

报错：Error: /usr/local must be writable!

4，赋给/usr/local目录权限，执行sudo chown -R $(whoami) /usr/local，即

sudo chown -R fxp /usr/local

其中fxp为系统当前用户名。

5，再次执行

brew update

提示：

remote: Total 0 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0

HEAD is now at c3f959d Merge pull request #1542 from woodruffw/deprecate-utils-json

To restore the stashed changes to /usr/local run:

  'cd /usr/local && git stash pop'

==> Homebrew has enabled anonymous aggregate user behaviour analytics

Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here:

  https://git.io/brew-analytics

==> Tapping homebrew/core

Cloning into '/usr/local/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core'...

remote: Counting objects: 3757, done.

remote: Compressing objects: 100% (3647/3647), done.

remote: Total 3757 (delta 13), reused 305 (delta 1), pack-reused 0

Receiving objects: 100% (3757/3757), 3.00 MiB | 30.00 KiB/s, done.

Resolving deltas: 100% (13/13), done.

Checking connectivity... done.

Tapped 3636 formulae (3,784 files, 9.3M)

Already up-to-date.

Error: Could not link:

/usr/local/share/doc/homebrew

Please delete these paths and run `brew update`.

==> Migrating HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY (please wait)...

Error: Could not link:

/usr/local/share/doc/homebrew

Please delete these paths and run `brew update`.

==> Migrated HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY to /usr/local/Homebrew!

Homebrew no longer needs to have ownership of /usr/local. If you wish you can

return /usr/local to its default ownership with:

  sudo chown root:wheel /usr/local

6，按照提示删除/usr/local/share/doc/homebrew，执行

rm -r -f /usr/local/share/doc/homebrew

7，再次执行

brew update

安装更新成功！

二，使用brew

命令行下执行brew，用法提示如下：

Example usage:

  brew search [TEXT|/REGEX/]

  brew (info|home|options) [FORMULA...]

  brew install FORMULA...

  brew update

  brew upgrade [FORMULA...]

  brew uninstall FORMULA...

  brew list [FORMULA...]

 

Troubleshooting:

  brew config

  brew doctor

  brew install -vd FORMULA

 

Developers:

  brew create [URL [--no-fetch]]

  brew edit [FORMULA...]

  https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/blob/master/docs/Formula-Cookbook.md

 

Further help:

  man brew

  brew help [COMMAND]

  brew home

 

常用命令有安装和卸载等，以安装和卸载autojump为例：

安装：sudo brew install autojump 

卸载：sudo brew uninstall wget

查看安装软件的话，命令如下：
sudo brew search /apache*/