linux安装mysql8.x

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已于 2024-03-20 10:34:14 修改

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于 2024-03-18 17:37:19 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39142369/article/details/136814056

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检查卸载mysql


1.查看当前安装mysql情况，查找以前是否装有mysql
[root@master01 /]# rpm -qa|grep -i mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64

2.执行命令删除安装的MySQL
[root@master01 /]# rpm -ev mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64 --nodeps

3.查看之前安装的MySQL的目录并删除
[root@master01 /]# find / -name mysql
/usr/lib64/mysql
/usr/local/mysql
/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
/usr/local/mysql/include/mysql
/usr/share/mysql
/var/spool/mail/mysql
/var/lock/subsys/mysql
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql

[root@master01 /]# rm -rf /usr/lib64/mysql*
[root@master01 /]# rm -rf /usr/local/mysql*
......

4.删除my.cnf
[root@master01 /]# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf

1.下载mysql架包

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2.解压安装

[root@master01 mysql]# mv mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  /usr/local/mysql
[root@master01 mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@master01 mysql]# mkdir data
[root@master01 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
[root@master01 mysql]# mkdir mysql_install_db
[root@master01 mysql]# chmod 777 ./mysql_install_db
[root@master01 mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
2024-03-18T08:39:02.014951Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011070] [Server] 'Disabling symbolic links using --skip-symbolic-links (or equivalent) is the default. Consider not using this option as it' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
2024-03-18T08:39:02.020133Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.11) initializing of server in progress as process 3365
2024-03-18T08:39:05.532408Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: PP193/YAdDwR
2024-03-18T08:39:06.871172Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.11) initializing of server has completed

记住上面打印的mysql默认密码：PP193/YAdDwR

3.MySql配置参数

1)、创建mysql用户useradd mysql
2)、mysql目录改为mysql读写权限
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql 
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql


[root@master01 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@master01 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
[root@master01 mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
[root@master01 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysql


[root@master01 mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[client]
   socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
   default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
   basedir = /usr/local/mysql
   datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
   socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
   character-set-server=utf8
   port = 3306
   sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

4.环境配置

[root@master01 mysql]# vi /etc/profile
#mysql
export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
export PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH
    
[root@master01 mysql]# source /etc/profile
[root@master01 mysql]# service mysql start                 #启动mysql   
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/master01.err'.
 SUCCESS! 
[root@master01 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.11

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 



备注：
[root@master01 mysql]# service mysql stop                 #停止mysql  
[root@master01 mysql]# service mysql restart                 #重启mysql
[root@master01 mysql]# service mysql status                #查看mysql状态

5.设置用户密码及远程连接

mysql> alter user user() identified by "123456"; #登录mysql后执行命令,msql的密码改成：123456
mysql> use mysql
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' limit 1;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456';  #把密码修改为123456(这里填自己设置的密码)
mysql> flush privileges;

配置完成！如果有防火墙或者设置了安全组的话需要开通默认3306端口给远程连接。

报错01：./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1

[root@master01 mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决方法：yum install -y libaio

[root@master01 mysql]# yum install -y libaio
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                  Arch                                                     Version                                                            Repository                                              Size
===================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 libaio                                                   x86_64                                                   0.3.107-10.el6                                                     base                                                    21 k

Transaction Summary
===================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install       1 Package(s)

Total download size: 21 k
Installed size: 34 k
Downloading Packages:
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                                                            |  21 kB     00:00     
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing : libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                    1/1 
  Verifying  : libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                    1/1 

Installed:
  libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6                                                                                                                                                                                                                   

Complete!

报错02：./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1

[root@master01 mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决方法：yum -y install numactl

[root@master01 mysql]# yum -y install numactl
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package numactl.x86_64 0:2.0.9-2.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                    Arch                                                      Version                                                        Repository                                               Size
===================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 numactl                                                    x86_64                                                    2.0.9-2.el6                                                    base                                                     74 k

Transaction Summary
===================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install       1 Package(s)

Total download size: 74 k
Installed size: 171 k
Downloading Packages:
numactl-2.0.9-2.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                                                              |  74 kB     00:00     
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing : numactl-2.0.9-2.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                      1/1 
  Verifying  : numactl-2.0.9-2.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                      1/1 

Installed:
  numactl.x86_64 0:2.0.9-2.el6                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

Complete!

报错03：ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)

[root@master01 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)

解决方法：原因my.cnf 配置文件中设置了 [mysqld] 的参数socket，而没有设置[client]的参数socket

解决方式：vim /etc/my.cnf

添加  [client] 配置项，如下所示
[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

配置后：(配置 [client] 后，重启 mysql服务)
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
port=3306
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

#[mysqld_safe]
#log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
#pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

[client]
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock