mysql linux 安装

一、创建MYSQL帐户和组
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql
 
 
二、将mysql-5.1.59.tar.gz解压到指定目录中，并进入目录
[root@localhost soft]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.59.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@localhost soft]# cd /usr/local/mysql-5.1.59/
 
 
三、安装
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqld-user=mysql --with-charset=utf8 --with-collation=utf8_bin --with-extra-charsets=big5,ascii,gb2312,gbk,utf8,latin1 --with-plugins=all
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]#make
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]#make install
 
 
四、建立MySQL配置文件
[root@localhost support-files]# pwd /usr/local/mysql-5.1.59/support-files       ###  此目录下包含5个模板配置文件，要据不同需要进行创建。
[root@localhost support-files]# ll my-medium.cnf my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf my-large.cnf my-small.cnf my-huge.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  4670 Sep 25 14:49 my-huge.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 19731 Sep 25 14:49 my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  4644 Sep 25 14:49 my-large.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  4655 Sep 25 14:49 my-medium.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2423 Sep 25 14:49 my-small.cnf
 
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
 
 
五、初始化MYSQL数据库
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]# sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db  --user=mysql
 
 
六、更改安装目录、数据存放目录属组与属主
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]# chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]# chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/var/
 
七、修改系统配置文件
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]# echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]# ldconfig
 
 
八、配置MYSQL开机自动启动
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld         ### MYSQL启动脚本
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]# chmod o+x /etc/init.d/mysqld         ### 修改启动脚本权限
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]# chkconfig --add mysqld                      ### 增加mysqld服务
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]# chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on       ### 设置345启动级别自动启动
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]# service mysqld start                               ### 启动MYSQL服务
 
九、设置MYSQL环境变量
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]# export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]# echo  “export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/” >>/etc/profile
 
十、修改MYSQL ROOT密码，并进入MYSQL数据库
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]# mysqladmin -u root password 12qwaszx
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.59]# mysql -u root -p

十一、设置root远程访问
mysql>> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '12qwaszx' WITH GRANT OPTION;

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备注：解决Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/tmp/mysql.sock’错误 

刚安装完mysql，进行运行测试，报Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/tmp/mysql.sock’错误，
[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
131206 22:42:51 mysqld_safe Logging to ‘/var/log/mysqld.log’.
131206 22:42:51 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql/data
131206 22:42:57 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended
[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/tmp/mysql.sock’ (2)
检查一下mysql的运行状态
[root@localhost mysql]# ps -ef | grep mysql
root     32092  2108  0 22:43 pts/0    00:00:00 grep mysql
查看/tmp文件夹的确没有mysql.sock文件，
通过find命令查找
[root@localhost /]# find / -name mysql.sock
/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
原来安装到/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock这个位置啦，我们需要修改my.cnf文件
[root@localhost /]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[client]
character-set-server = utf8
port    = 3306
socket  = /tmp/mysql.sock
……
保存之后即出，重新启动mysql。

[root@localhost ~]# mysql
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
[root@localhost ~]# find / -name mysql.sock
/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
 
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
~
~
~
"/etc/my.cnf" 10L, 241C written
[root@localhost ~]# service mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL..                                      [  OK  ]
[root@localhost ~]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.                                            [  OK  ]
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.27 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
 
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