1.WebService

一.WebService应用场景

  • 跨互联网调用:通过WebService可以跨互联网调用其他程序
  • 跨语言:不同语言之间也可以通过WebService进行调用
  • 集成多应用:一个企业里使用了多个软件,比如:财务系统,和咱们的SaaS-Export对接
  • 多程序复用:多个系统中都有用户,那么只需要一个用户就可以了,登录之后,通过调用WebService也同时登录

二.WebService的两个规范

jax-ws

访问路径例如:http://localhost:8034/ws/weather?wsdl
ws:为代码中加密的路径,weather为访问路径

  • soap:传输协议
  • wsdl:说明书,xml格式存储的,不是给人看的给机器看的
  • uddi:目录(包含所有可以调用的WebService方法)

jax-rs

  • rest风格调用
  • CXF:磁悬浮

三.WebService入门案例(jax-ws)

1.创建服务提供者模块(转成web工程)

1.1 引入依赖

1.2 配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
  <listener>
      <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <context-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      //配置文件的路径
      <param-value>classpath:applicationContext-cxf-server.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  
  <!-- CXF框架的核心控制器:CXFServlet -->
  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>cxf</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>
      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>cxf</servlet-name>
      <!--前台页面访问时 ws的才可以访问-->
      <url-pattern>/ws/*</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

1.3 配置applicationContext-cxf-server.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:cxf="http://cxf.apache.org/core"
    xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://cxf.apache.org/core
        http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/core.xsd
        http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws
        http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd
        http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs
        http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxrs.xsd
        ">
	<jaxws:server address="/weather">
		<jaxws:serviceBean>
		    <bean class="cn.itcast.service.impl.WeatherServiceImpl" />
		</jaxws:serviceBean>
	</jaxws:server>
</beans>

1.4 编写service以及impl配置tomcat访问

访问截图

2.创建服务调用这模块

2.1 使用jdk下面的wsimport.exe进行代码生成

在这里插入图片描述

2.2 实现步骤

1.新建模块找到模块的java目录
2.打开cmd窗口在cmd跳转到java目录
3.在cmd窗口运行 生成代码

D:\Install\Java\work\demo\webServiceDemo\jar_ws_cunsomer\src\main\java>wsimport.exe -s . http://localhost:8034/ws/weather?wsdl

  -s <directory>            指定放置生成的源文件的位置
  . 为当前目录
  路径为服务提供者的模块路径

2.3 配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:cxf="http://cxf.apache.org/core"
    xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://cxf.apache.org/core
        http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/core.xsd
        http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws
        http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd
        http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs
        http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxrs.xsd
        ">
    <jaxws:client id="weatherService" address="http://localhost:8034/ws/weather?wsdl" serviceClass="cn.itcast.service.impl.WeatherService">
        <jaxws:inInterceptors>
            <bean class="org.apache.cxf.interceptor.LoggingInInterceptor"></bean>
        </jaxws:inInterceptors>
        <jaxws:outInterceptors>
            <bean class="org.apache.cxf.interceptor.LoggingOutInterceptor"></bean>
        </jaxws:outInterceptors>
    </jaxws:client>
</beans>

2.4编写测试类


package cn.itcast;

import cn.itcast.service.impl.WeatherService;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * @author cyy
 * @date 2020/3/20 19:11
 */
public class test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext-cxf-client.xml");
        WeatherService weatherService = (WeatherService) context.getBean("weatherService");
        String cityName = weatherService.getWeatherByCityName("北京");
        //调用完会返回万里无云
        System.out.println(cityName);

    }
}

四.WebService入门案例(jax-rs)

1.创建服务提供者模块

1.1引入依赖

  <dependencies>
    <!-- cxf 进行rs开发 必须导入  -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
      <artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 日志引入  -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.12</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 客户端 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
      <artifactId>cxf-rt-rs-client</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 扩展json提供者 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
      <artifactId>cxf-rt-rs-extension-providers</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 转换json工具包,被extension providers 依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.codehaus.jettison</groupId>
      <artifactId>jettison</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.7</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- spring 核心 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- spring web集成 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- spring 整合junit  -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- junit 开发包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

1.2web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
         version="2.5">
    <display-name>jax_rs_provider</display-name>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext-cxf.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- CXF的核心控制器 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>cxfServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>cxfServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/ws/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

1.3applicationContext-cxf.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:cxf="http://cxf.apache.org/core"
    xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
    xmlns:jaxrs="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://cxf.apache.org/core
        http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/core.xsd
        http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws
        http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd
        http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs
        http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxrs.xsd
        ">
    <jaxrs:server address="/userService" serviceClass="cn.itcast.service.UserServiceImpl">

    </jaxrs:server>
</beans>

1.4 写domain和service

  1. domain 上面的@XmlRootElement(name = "User") 提供一个实体类的xml
  2. service
/**
 * @Path:调用的路径
 * http://localhost:9082/ws/userService/user
 *
 * @Produces 传出格式 *|* 代表xml 和 json
 * @POST\@PUT\@GET\@DELETE 方法类型
 * @Consumes 传入格式 *|* 代表xml 和 json
 */
@Produces("*/*")
public interface IUserService {

	@POST
	@Path("/user")
	@Consumes({ "application/xml", "application/json" })
	public void saveUser(User user);

	@PUT
	@Path("/user")
	@Consumes({ "application/xml", "application/json" })
	public void updateUser(User user);

	@GET
	@Path("/user")
	@Produces({ "application/xml", "application/json" })
	public List<User> findAllUsers();

	@GET
	@Path("/user/{id}")
	@Consumes("application/xml")
	@Produces({ "application/xml", "application/json" })
	public User finUserById(@PathParam("id") Integer id);

	@DELETE
	@Path("/user/{id}")
	@Consumes({"application/xml", "application/json"})
	public void deleteUser(@PathParam("id") Integer id);
}

2.创建服务调用者模块

2.1 引入依赖

2.2 根据提供者编写实体类

2.3 编写测试类

package cn.itcast.test;

import cn.itcast.domain.UserDomain;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.client.WebClient;

/**
 * @author cyy
 * @date 2020/3/22 10:19
 */
public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        1.创建一个wc
        WebClient webClient = WebClient.create("http://localhost:9083/ws/userService/user/1");
//        2.通过wc进行get方法的调用
        UserDomain userDomain = webClient.get(UserDomain.class);
//        3.返回结果进行打印
        System.out.println(userDomain.toString());

    }
}

五.总结

如果提供者是jax-ws, http://localhost:9081/ws/weather?wsdl 这个地址必须是提供方告诉你的

  • 通过提供方给你的地址用wsimport.exe生成代码
  • 配置文件重点关注:address(服务提供者给你的地址);serviceClass(生成的代码里有接口文件,这是接口文件导入的路径)
  • 创建调用类,使用上下文加载配置文件,获取里面的Bean,生成接口,调用接口里的方法
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext-cxf-client.xml");
WeatherService weatherService = (WeatherService) context.getBean("weatherService");
String cityName = weatherService.getWeatherByCityName("北京");
System.out.println(cityName);

如果提供者是jax-rs,调用jax-rs之前,需要向服务提供者要接口文档

  • 引入依赖
  • 根据返回值创建实体类
  • 创建测试类,通过webClient调用接口
 public static void main(String[] args) {
//        1.创建一个wc
        WebClient webClient = WebClient.create("http://localhost:9083/ws/userService/user/1");
//        2.通过wc进行get方法的调用
        UserDomain userDomain = webClient.get(UserDomain.class);
//        3.返回结果进行打印
        System.out.println(userDomain.toString());

    }
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