ElasticSearch(四)：Filter查询、聚合查询

1. 简述

Filter查询时不计算相关性的，同时可以进行缓存，因此，Filter查询的速度要快于query查询；

2. 数据准备

POST /lib9/items/_bulk
{"index": {"id": 1}}
{"price": 40,"itemID": "ID100123"}
{"index": {"_id": 2}}
{"price": 50,"itemID": "ID100124"}
{"index": {"_id": 3}}
{"price": 25,"itemID": "ID100124"}
{"index": {"_id": 4}}
{"price": 30,"itemID": "ID100125"}
{"index": {"_id": 5}}
{"price": null,"itemID": "ID100127"}

3. filter查询

3.1 简单过滤查询

# 查询price=40的文档
GET /lib9/items/_search
{
  "post_filter": {
    "term": {
      "price": 40
    }
  }
}

# 查询price等于25或40的文档
GET /lib9/items/_search
{
  "post_filter": {
    "terms": {
      "price": [
        25,
        40
      ]
    }
  }
}

# 查询itemID等于ID100123的文档(注意在这里要写成小写id)
GET /lib9/items/_search
{
  "post_filter": {
    "term": {
      "itemID": "id100123"
    }
  }
}

3.2 bool过滤查询

可以实现组合过滤查询

# 格式
{
    "bool": {
        "must": [],
        "should": [],
        "must_not": []
    }
}

注意
1. must：必须要满足的条件 --and
2. should： 可以满足也可以不满足的条件 --or
3. must_not：不需要满足的条件 --not

GET /lib9/items/_search
{
  "post_filter": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        {
          "term": {
            "price": 25
          }
        },
        {
          "term": {
            "itemID": "id100123"
          }
        }
      ],
      "must_not": [
        {
          "term": {
            "price": 30
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

GET /lib9/items/_search
{
  "post_filter": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        {
          "term": {
            "itemID": "id100123"
          }
        },
        {
          "bool": {
            "must": [
              {
                "term": {
                  "itemID": "id100124"
                }
              },
              {
                "term": {
                  "price": 40
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

3.3 range范围过滤

gt：>
lt：<
gte：>=
lte：<=

GET /lib9/items/_search
{
  "post_filter": {
    "range": {
      "price": {
        "gt": 35,
        "lt": 50
      }
    }
  }
}

3.4 过滤非空

GET /lib9/items/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "filter": {
        "exists": {
          "field": "price"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

GET /lib9/items/_search
{
  "query": {
    "constant_score": {
      "filter": {
        "exists": {
          "field": "price"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

3.5 过滤器缓存

ElasticSearch有一种特殊的缓存，即过滤器缓存(filter cache)，用来存储过滤器的结果，被缓存的过滤器并不需要消耗过多的内存，而且可供后续所有与之相关的查询重复使用，从而极大地提高了查询性能。
注意：ElasticSearch并不是默认缓存所有过滤器，

1. 以下过滤器默认不缓存：

numeric_range
script
geo_bbox
geo_distance
geo_distance_range
geo_polygon
geo_shape
and
or
not

2. 以下过滤器默认开启缓存

exists
missing
range
term
terms

3. 开启方式：在filter查询语句后边加上 “_catch”:true

4. 聚合查询

1. sum

GET /lib9/items/_search
{
  "size":0,
  "aggs": {
     "price_of_sum": {
         "sum": {
           "field": "price"
         }
     }
  }
}

运行结果

{
  "took": 6,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 5,
    "max_score": 0,
    "hits": []
  },
  "aggregations": {
    "price_of_sum": {
      "value": 160
    }
  }
}

2. min

GET /lib9/items/_search
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "price_of_min": {
      "min": {
        "field": "price"
      }
    }
  }
}

运行结果

{
  "took": 4,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 5,
    "max_score": 0,
    "hits": []
  },
  "aggregations": {
    "price_of_min": {
      "value": 30
    }
  }
}

3. max、avg同上
4. terms：分组

GET /lib9/items/_search
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "price_group_by": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "price"
      }
    }
  }
}