配置数据库监听白名单

一、背景：

2020年伊始，我们的工作中多了一个词"护网行动"，之前闻所未闻；这是一个从国家层面提出的安全概念，目的是为了保障信息安全。各个组织机构会定期组织安防演练。咱们数据库层面为了应对这次安防演练也提出了自己的思想，数据库白名单策略限制非法设备对数据库进行访问。这是这次配置监听白名单的整个背景。

二、技术策略：

编辑sqlnet.ora文件

#开启ip限制功能

tcp.validnode_checking=yes
#允许访问数据库的IP地址列表，多个IP地址使用逗号分开

tcp.invited_nodes=(192.168.1.5，192.168.1.6，10.10.10.2)
#禁止访问数据库的IP地址列表，多个IP地址使用逗号分开

tcp.excluded_nodes=(192.168.1.1，10.10.10.1)

注：

1、需要重启监听器生效。

2、这个方式只是适合TCP协议，适用于9i以上版本。在9i之前的版本使用文件protocol.ora。

3、第二行和第三行任写一行即可，如果tcp.invited_nodes与tcp.excluded_nodes都存在，以tcp.invited_nodes为主。

4、不要禁止服务器本机的IP地址，否则通过lsnrctl将不能启动或停止监听，因为该过程监听程序会通过本机的IP访问监听器。

三、操作步骤

3.1 从监听日志中获取层级访问的设备地址：

grep HOST listener.log |awk -F ‘HOST=’ ‘{print $3}’ |awk ‘{print $1}’ |awk -F ‘)’ ‘{print $1}’ |grep -v jdbc|sort|uniq |wc -l && grep HOST listener.log |awk -F ‘HOST=’ ‘{print $3}’ |awk ‘{print $1}’ |awk -F ‘)’ ‘{print $1}’ |grep -v jdbc|sort|uniq
5
192.168.1.1
192.168.1.2
192.168.1.3
192.168.1.4
192.168.1.71

3.2 地址格式化

tr -s “\n” “,” <ip.txt; echo
192.168.1.1,192.168.1.2,192.168.1.3,192.168.1.4,192.168.1.71

3.3 编辑sqlnet.ora

[oracle@TestDB/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin]$cat sqlnet.ora
tcp.validnode_checking=yes
tcp.invited_nodes=(192.168.1.1,192.168.1.2,192.168.1.3,192.168.1.4,192.168.1.71)

3.4 关闭监听

[oracle@TestDB/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin]$lsnrctl stop
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-JUL-2020 19:30:20
Copyright © 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=TestDB)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully

3.5 重新启动监听

[oracle@TestDB/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin]$lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-JUL-2020 19:30:25
Copyright © 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait…
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/TestDB/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=TestDB)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=TestDB)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER

Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 28-JUL-2020 19:30:25
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/TestDB/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary…
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=TestDB)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

3.6 手工注册监听

[oracle@TestDB/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin]$sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Jul 28 19:30:29 2020
Copyright © 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> alter system register;
System altered.
SQL> !lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-JUL-2020 19:30:36
Copyright © 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=TestDB)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER

Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 28-JUL-2020 19:30:25
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 11 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/TestDB/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary…
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=TestDB)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary…
Service “ORCL” has 1 instance(s).
Instance “ORCL1”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
Service “ORCL1XDB” has 1 instance(s).
The command completed successfully

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