【Centos7 在线安装MySQL5.7】

第一步：下载MySQL安装包

[root@iZ2zee8932c78gnxtonmzqZ ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

第二步：安装MySQL安装源

[root@iZ2zee8932c78gnxtonmzqZ ~]# yum -y localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

第三步：在线安装MySQL5.7

[root@iZ2zee8932c78gnxtonmzqZ ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server

此步等待时间可能会很久，取决于自己网络环境

第四步：启动MySQL

[root@iZ2zee8932c78gnxtonmzqZ ~]# systemctl start mysqld

第五步：设置开机自启动

[root@iZ2zee8932c78gnxtonmzqZ ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
 
[root@iZ2zee8932c78gnxtonmzqZ ~]# systemctl daemon-reload

第六步：修改root登录密码

mysql安装完成之后，就会在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中给root生成了一个临时密码

[root@iZ2zee8932c78gnxtonmzqZ ~]# vim /var/log/mysqld.log

登录mysql修改root密码

[root@iZ2zee8932c78gnxtonmzqZ ~]# mysql -u root -p
# 修改MySQL默认密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Wvyao007^';
# 设置MySQL允许远程连接
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Wvyao007^' WITH GRANT OPTION;

第七步：退出MySQL

mysql> exit

第八步：开放防火墙3306端口

查看防火墙状态

# 结果为：running或not running
[root@iZ2zee8932c78gnxtonmzqZ /]# firewall-cmd --state

开放3306端口

[root@iZ2zee8932c78gnxtonmzqZ /]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

重启防火墙

[root@iZ2zee8932c78gnxtonmzqZ /]# firewall-cmd --reload

第九步：配置MySQL默认编码为utf-8

[root@iZ2zee8932c78gnxtonmzqZ /]# vim /etc/my.cnf

character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

第十步：重启MySQL服务

[root@iZ2zee8932c78gnxtonmzqZ /]# systemctl restart mysqld

第十一步： 登录MySQL root用户查看默认编码

[root@iZ2zee8932c78gnxtonmzqZ /]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 32
Server version: 5.7.31 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> 

第十二步：使用Navicat连接测试