golang标准库中的json包

两个核心函数Marshal Unmarshal

结构体转json

func test1() {
	type ColorGroup struct {
		ID     int
		Name   string
		Colors []string
	}
	group := ColorGroup{
		ID:     1,
		Name:   "Reds",
		Colors: []string{"Crimson", "Red", "Ruby", "Maroon"},
	}
	fmt.Printf("group: %v\n", group)
	fmt.Printf("group: %+v\n", group)
	b, err := json.Marshal(group)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("error:", err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("string(b): %v\n", string(b))
}

%v和%+v区别注意！！！

json转结构体

func test2() {
	// var jsonBlob = []byte(`[{"Name": "Platypus", "Order": "Monotremata"},{"Name": "Quoll",    "Order": "Dasyuromorphia"}]`)
	var jsonBlob = []byte(`{"Name": "Quoll",    "Order": "Dasyuromorphia"}`)

	type Animal struct {
		Name  string
		Order string
	}
	// 注意这块定义是数组
	// var animals []Animal
	var animals Animal
	err := json.Unmarshal(jsonBlob, &animals)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("error:", err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("%+v\n", animals)
}

注意注释的代码打开运行进行对面

json解析后遍历(注意定义的p区别)

func test3() {
	type ColorGroup struct {
		ID     int
		Name   string
		Colors []string
	}
	var b = []byte(`{"ID":1,"Name":"Reds","Colors":["Crimson","Red","Ruby","Maroon"]}`)
	var p ColorGroup
	json.Unmarshal(b, &p)
	fmt.Printf("p: %v\n", p)
	fmt.Printf("p.ID: %v\n", p.ID)
	fmt.Printf("p.Name: %v\n", p.Name)
	for k, v := range p.Colors {
		fmt.Println(k, "=", v)
	}
}

func test4() {
	var b = []byte(`{"ID":1,"Name":"Reds","Colors":["Crimson","Red","Ruby","Maroon"]}`)
	var p map[string]interface{}
	json.Unmarshal(b, &p)
	fmt.Printf("p: %v\n", p)
	for k, v := range p {
		fmt.Println(k, "=", v)
	}
}

打开json文件读取数据，json写入文件

func test5() {
	f, _ := os.Open("a.json")
	defer f.Close()
	d := json.NewDecoder(f)
	var p map[string]interface{}
	d.Decode(&p)
	fmt.Printf("p: %v\n", p)
	for k, v := range p {
		fmt.Println(k, "=", v)
	}
}

func test6() {
	f, _ := os.Open("b.json")
	defer f.Close()
	d := json.NewDecoder(f)
	var p []map[string]interface{}
	d.Decode(&p)
	fmt.Printf("p: %v\n", p)
	for k, v := range p {
		fmt.Println(k, "=", v)
		for k1, v1 := range v {
			fmt.Println(k1, "=", v1)
		}
	}
}

func test7() {
	type ColorGroup struct {
		ID     int
		Name   string
		Colors []string
	}
	group := ColorGroup{
		ID:     1,
		Name:   "Reds",
		Colors: []string{"Crimson", "Red", "Ruby", "Maroon"},
	}
	f, _ := os.OpenFile("a1.json", os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE, 0777)
	defer f.Close()
	e := json.NewEncoder(f)
	e.Encode(group)
}

func test8() {
	type ColorGroup struct {
		ID     int
		Name   string
		Colors []string
	}
	group1 := ColorGroup{
		ID:     1,
		Name:   "Reds",
		Colors: []string{"Crimson", "Red", "Ruby", "Maroon"},
	}
	group2 := ColorGroup{
		ID:     1,
		Name:   "Reds",
		Colors: []string{"Crimson", "Red", "Ruby", "Maroon"},
	}
	group := []ColorGroup{group1, group2}
	f, _ := os.OpenFile("b1.json", os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE, 0777)
	defer f.Close()
	e := json.NewEncoder(f)
	e.Encode(group)
}

运行结果(仔细对比你会发现四个函数两两对应哦)
以下是读取和写入的json文件
a.json(读取一个结构体)

{"ID":1,"Name":"Reds","Colors":["Crimson","Red","Ruby","Maroon"]}

b.json(读取切片结构体)

[{"Name": "Platypus", "Order": "Monotremata"},{"Name": "Quoll",    "Order": "Dasyuromorphia"}]

a1.json(写入一个结构体)

{"ID":1,"Name":"Reds","Colors":["Crimson","Red","Ruby","Maroon"]}

b1.json(写入切片结构体)

[{"ID":1,"Name":"Reds","Colors":["Crimson","Red","Ruby","Maroon"]},{"ID":1,"Name":"Reds","Colors":["Crimson","Red","Ruby","Maroon"]}]