1、整合JDBC
1.1、搭建项目环境
1.1.1、创建表
CREATE TABLE `test`.`user` (
`userid` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` VARCHAR(30) NULL,
`usersex` VARCHAR(10) NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`userid`));
1.1.2、创建项目
1.1.3、修改POM文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.xiezhenyu</groupId>
<artifactId>springbootjdbc</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springbootjdbc</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Thymeleaf启动器坐标 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- jdbc启动器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql数据库驱动坐标 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.18</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
1.2、配置数据源
1.2.1、通过自定义配置文件方式配置数据源信息
1.2.1.1、通过@PropertySource注解读取配置信息
- 添加Druid数据源依赖
<!-- Druid数据源依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.12</version>
</dependency>
- 创建Properties文件
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?userUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&userSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=p123456
- 创建配置类
package com.xiezhenyu.springbootjdbc.config;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
/**
* 数据源jdbc的配置类
*/
@Configuration
@PropertySource("classpath:/jdbc.properties")//加载指定的properties配置文件
public class JdbcConfiguration {
@Value("${jdbc.driverClassName}")
private String driverClassName;
@Value("${jdbc.url}")
private String url;
@Value("${jdbc.username}")
private String username;
@Value("${jdbc.password}")
private String password;
/**
* 实例化Druid
*/
@Bean
public DataSource getDatasource(){
DruidDataSource source = new DruidDataSource();
source.setUsername(this.username);
source.setPassword(this.password);
source.setUrl(this.url);
source.setDriverClassName(this.driverClassName);
return source;
}
}
1.2.1.2、通过@ConfigurationProperties注解读取配置信息
- 创建配置信息实体类
/**
* JDBC配置信息属性类
*/
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "jdbc") //是SpringBoot的注解,不能读取其他的配置文件,只能读取SpringBoot的application配置文件
public class JdbcProperties {
private String driverClassName;
private String url;
private String username;
private String password;
public String getDriverClassName() {
return driverClassName;
}
public void setDriverClassName(String driverClassName) {
this.driverClassName = driverClassName;
}
public String getUrl() {
return url;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
- 修改配置类
/**
* 数据源jdbc的配置类
*/
@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties(JdbcProperties.class)//指定加载哪个配置信息属性类
public class JdbcConfiguration {
@Autowired
private JdbcProperties jdbcProperties;
/**
* 实例化Druid
*/
@Bean
public DataSource getDatasource(){
DruidDataSource source = new DruidDataSource();
source.setUsername(this.jdbcProperties.getUsername());
source.setPassword(this.jdbcProperties.getPassword());
source.setUrl(this.jdbcProperties.getUrl());
source.setDriverClassName(this.jdbcProperties.getDriverClassName());
return source;
}
}
1.2.1.3、@ConfigurationProperties注解的优雅使用方式
在上面使用@ConfigurationProperties的时候,需要通过@ConfigurationProperties配置信息的实体类,进而在数据源配置类中通过注入的方式读取配置信息实体类,来获取信息。
其实@ConfigurationProperties还可以在方法中使用当实例化Druid的时候可以直接在方法上添加@ConfigurationProperties注解,来获取配置信息。而这个注解就会自动把配置信息中的uername、password等数据自动调用DruidDataSource 的setUsername、setPassword等方法来设置信息。
/**
* 数据源jdbc的配置类
*/
@Configuration
public class JdbcConfiguration {
/**
* 实例化Druid
*/
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "jdbc")
public DataSource getDatasource(){
DruidDataSource source = new DruidDataSource();
return source;
}
}
1.2.2、通过Spring Boot配置文件配置数据源信息
在Spring Boot1.x版本中的spring-boot-starter-jdbc启动器中默认使用的是org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource作为数据源。
在Spring Boot2.x版本中的spring-boot-starter-jdbc启动器默认使用的是com.zaxxer.hikariDataSource作为数据源。
1.2.2.1、使用Spring Boot默认的HikariDataSource数据源
在application.properties中配置以下信息之后,在需要到数据源的时候直接注入即可。
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?userUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&userSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=p123456
测试代码
@Controller
public class UsersController {
@Autowired
private DataSource dataSource;
@GetMapping("/showInfo")
public String showInfo(){
return "OK";
}
}
1.2.2.2、使用第三方的Druid数据源
在application.properties配置文件中配置spring.datasource.type就可以更换数据源了。
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?userUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&userSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=p123456
spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
1.3、实现添加用户功能
1.3.1、创建POJO
public class Users {
private Integer userid;
private String username;
private String usersex;
public Integer getUserid() {
return userid;
}
public void setUserid(Integer userid) {
this.userid = userid;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getUsersex() {
return usersex;
}
public void setUsersex(String usersex) {
this.usersex = usersex;
}
}
1.3.2、创建页面
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<from th:action="@{/user/addUser}" method="post">
<input type="text" name="username"/><br/>
<input type="text" name="usersex"/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="ok"/>
</from>
</body>
</html>
1.3.3、创建Controller
- PageController
/**
* 页面跳转Controller
*/
@Controller
public class PageController {
//页面跳转方法
@RequestMapping("/{page}")
public String showPage(@PathVariable String page){
return page;
}
}
- UserController
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UsersController {
@Autowired
private UsersService usersService;
@GetMapping("/showInfo")
public String showInfo(){
return "OK";
}
//添加用户
@PostMapping("/addUser")
public String addUser(Users users){
try{
this.usersService.addUser(users);
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
return "error";
}
return "redirect:/ok";
}
}
1.3.4、创建Service
/**
* 用户管理业务层
*/
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UsersService {
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
/**
* 添加用户
* @param users
*/
@Override
@Transactional
public void addUser(Users users) {
this.userDao.insertUsers(users);
}
}
1.3.5、创建Dao
/**
* 用户管理持久层
*/
@Repository
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
@Autowired
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
/**
* 添加用户
* @param users
*/
@Override
public void insertUsers(Users users) {
String sql = "insert into user(username,usersex) values(?,?)";
this.jdbcTemplate.update(sql,users.getUsername(),users.getUsersex());
}
}
1.3.4、解决favicon.ico解析问题
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../resource/favicon.ico" th:href="@{/static/favicon.ico}"/>
1.4、实现查询全部用户功能
1.4.1、修改Controller
//查询用户
@GetMapping("/showUser")
public String showUser(Model model){
List<Users> list = new ArrayList<>();
try{
list = this.usersService.showUsers();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
return "error";
}
model.addAttribute("list",list);
return "showUser";
}
1.4.2、修改业务层
/**
* 查询用户
* @return
*/
@Override
@Transactional
public List<Users> showUsers(){
return this.userDao.showUsers();
}
1.4.3、修改持久层
使用RowMapper返回自定义对象。
/**
* 查询用户
* @return
*/
@Override
public List<Users> showUsers(){
String sql = "select * from user";
List<Users> users = this.jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new RowMapper<Users>() {
@Override
public Users mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
Users user = new Users();
user.setUsername(resultSet.getString("username"));
user.setUsersex(resultSet.getString("usersex"));
user.setUserid(resultSet.getInt("userid"));
return user;
}
});
return users;
}
1.4.4、创建用户更新页面
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1" width="50%" align="center">
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>用户名</th>
<th>性别</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
<tr th:each="u : ${list}">
<td th:text="${u.userid}"></td>
<td th:text="${u.username}"></td>
<td th:text="${u.usersex}"></td>
<td>
<a th:href="@{/user/updateUser}">修改</a>
<a th:href="@{/user/deleteUser}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
1.5、实现用户更新功能
1.5.1、预更新查询
1.5.1.1、修改Controller
//预更新用户的查询
@GetMapping("/preUpdateUser")
public String preUpdateUser(Integer id,Model model){
try{
Users user = this.usersService.findUserById(id);
model.addAttribute("user",user);
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
return "error";
}
return "updateUser";
}
1.5.1.2、修改业务层
/**
* 用户预更新查询
*/
@Override
@Transactional
public Users findUserById(int id){
return this.userDao.selectUserById(id);
}
1.5.1.3、修改持久层
/**
* 预更新用户查询
*/
public Users selectUserById(int id){
Users user = new Users();
String sql = "select * from user where userid = ?";
Object[] arr = new Object[]{id};
this.jdbcTemplate.query(sql, arr,new RowCallbackHandler() {
@Override
public void processRow(ResultSet resultSet) throws SQLException {
user.setUserid(resultSet.getInt("userid"));
user.setUsersex(resultSet.getString("usersex"));
user.setUsername(resultSet.getString("username"));
}
});
return user;
}
1.5.1.4、创建用户更新页面
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form th:action="@{/user/updateUser}" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="userid" th:value="${user.userid}"/>
<input type="text" name="username" th:value="${user.username}"/><br/>
<input type="text" name="usersex" th:value="${user.usersex}"/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="修改"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
1.5.2、更新用户
1.5.2.1、修改Controller
//更新用户
@PostMapping("/updateUser")
public String updateUser(Users user){
try{
this.usersService.modifyUser(user);
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
return "error";
}
return "ok";
}
1.5.2.2、修改业务层
/**
* 用户更新
* @param user
*/
@Override
@Transactional
public void modifyUser(Users user){
this.userDao.updateUser(user);
}
1.5.2.3、修改持久层
/**
* 更新用户
*/
public void updateUser(Users user){
String sql = "update user set username = ?,usersex = ? where userid = ?";
jdbcTemplate.update(sql,user.getUsername(),user.getUsersex(),user.getUserid());
}
1.5.3、删除用户
1.5.3.1、修改Controller
//删除用户
@GetMapping("/deleteUser")
public String deleteUser(Integer id){
try{
this.usersService.dropUser(id);
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
return "error";
}
return "redirect:/ok";
}
1.5.3.2、修改业务层
/**
* 删除用户
*/
@Override
public void dropUser(Integer id){
this.userDao.deleteUser(id);
}
1.5.3.3、修改持久层
/**
* 删除用户
*/
public void deleteUser(Integer id){
String sql = "delete from user where userid = ?";
jdbcTemplate.update(sql,id);
}