【LeetCode练习】[中等]1116. 打印零与奇偶数

【LeetCode练习】[中等]1116. 打印零与奇偶数

1116. 打印零与奇偶数

1116. 打印零与奇偶数

算法思想：多线程

题目：

问题分析

多线程，同步问题；
使用方法：

1. 信号量：容易理解，与操作系统中的信号一样，但是效率不高
2. 可重用锁：

java代码–信号量

    class ZeroEvenOdd {
        private int n;
        // zero 信号量, 默认可以使用;
        private Semaphore zero = new Semaphore(1);
        // even 偶数, 不可用
        private Semaphore even = new Semaphore(0);
        // odd 奇数, 不可用
        private Semaphore odd = new Semaphore(0);

        public ZeroEvenOdd(int n) {
            this.n = n;
        }

        // printNumber.accept(x) outputs "x", where x is an integer.
        public void zero(IntConsumer printNumber) throws InterruptedException {
            for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++){
                zero.acquire();
                printNumber.accept(0);
                if (i % 2 == 1){
                    odd.release(); // 唤醒奇数打印线程
                }else {
                    even.release(); // 唤醒偶数打印线程
                }
            }
        }

        public void even(IntConsumer printNumber) throws InterruptedException {
            for (int i = 2; i <= n; i += 2){
                even.acquire();
                printNumber.accept(i);
                zero.release(); // 唤醒 0 打印线程
            }
        }

        public void odd(IntConsumer printNumber) throws InterruptedException {
            for (int i = 1; i <= n; i += 2){
                odd.acquire();
                printNumber.accept(i);
                zero.release(); // 唤醒 0 打印线程
            }
        }
    }

java代码–可重入锁，效率更高

容易理解，操作系统中的信号量；但是效率不高，

    class ZeroEvenOdd {
        private int n;

        private volatile int curValue = 0;
		// 可重入锁
        private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
        private Condition zero = lock.newCondition();
        private Condition even = lock.newCondition();
        private Condition odd = lock.newCondition();

        public ZeroEvenOdd(int n) {
            this.n = n;
        }

        // printNumber.accept(x) outputs "x", where x is an integer.
        public void zero(IntConsumer printNumber) throws InterruptedException {
            lock.lock();
            try {
                for (int i = 1; i <= n ; i++) {
                    if (curValue != 0){
                        zero.await();
                    }
                    printNumber.accept(0);
                    if (i % 2 == 1){
                        curValue = 1;
                        odd.signal();
                    }else{
                        curValue = 2;
                        even.signal();
                    }
                }
            }finally {
                lock.unlock();
            }
        }

        public void even(IntConsumer printNumber) throws InterruptedException {
            lock.lock();
            try {
                for (int i = 2; i <= n ; i += 2) {
                    if (curValue != 2){
                        even.await();
                    }
                    printNumber.accept(i);
                    curValue = 0;
                    zero.signal();
                }
            }finally {
                lock.unlock();
            }
        }

        public void odd(IntConsumer printNumber) throws InterruptedException {
            lock.lock();
            try {
                for (int i = 1; i <= n ; i += 2) {
                    if (curValue != 1){
                        odd.await();
                    }
                    printNumber.accept(i);
                    curValue = 0;
                    zero.signal();
                }
            }finally {
                lock.unlock();
            }
        }
    }