基于@EnableScheduling注解，配合数据库，实现定时任务时间，动态修改。

数据库脚本文件，数据库使用的是sqlservice，别的数据库的，脚本可以自行修改。

/*
 Navicat Premium Data Transfer

 Source Server         : 192.168.2.79-xjj
 Source Server Type    : SQL Server
 Source Server Version : 10501600
 Source Host           : 192.168.2.79:1433
 Source Catalog        : INTRUST
 Source Schema         : dbo

 Target Server Type    : SQL Server
 Target Server Version : 10501600
 File Encoding         : 65001

 Date: 06/06/2020 10:32:55
*/


-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for TIME_TASK
-- ----------------------------
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.all_objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[TIME_TASK]') AND type IN ('U'))
	DROP TABLE [dbo].[TIME_TASK]
GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[TIME_TASK] (
  [SERIAL_NO] int  NOT NULL,
  [CRON] varchar(16) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS  NULL,
  [CRON_TYPE] int  NULL
)
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TIME_TASK] SET (LOCK_ESCALATION = TABLE)
GO

EXEC sp_addextendedproperty
'MS_Description', N'cron表达式',
'SCHEMA', N'dbo',
'TABLE', N'TIME_TASK',
'COLUMN', N'CRON'
GO

EXEC sp_addextendedproperty
'MS_Description', N'类型',
'SCHEMA', N'dbo',
'TABLE', N'TIME_TASK',
'COLUMN', N'CRON_TYPE'
GO


-- ----------------------------
-- Records of TIME_TASK
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO [dbo].[TIME_TASK]  VALUES (N'1', N'0 */5 * * * ?', N'4001')
GO

INSERT INTO [dbo].[TIME_TASK]  VALUES (N'2', N'0 */30 * * * ?', N'4002')
GO

INSERT INTO [dbo].[TIME_TASK]  VALUES (N'3', N'0 */10 * * * ?', N'4003')
GO


-- ----------------------------
-- Primary Key structure for table TIME_TASK
-- ----------------------------
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TIME_TASK] ADD CONSTRAINT [PK__TIME_TAS__2A5625AA4D82A22F] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([SERIAL_NO])
WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON)  
ON [SDATA]
GO

实现代码

package com.xjj.modules.timetask.config;

import com.alibaba.druid.util.StringUtils;
import com.xjj.modules.timetask.mapper.CronMapper;
import com.xjj.modules.timetask.service.TimeTaskService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.SchedulingConfigurer;
import org.springframework.scheduling.config.ScheduledTaskRegistrar;
import org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronTrigger;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;


/**
 * Created by wumingkai on 2020-6-5.
 */
@Component
@Configuration      //1.主要用于标记配置类，兼备Component的效果。
@EnableScheduling   // 2.开启定时任务
@Slf4j
public class TimeTaskSchedule implements SchedulingConfigurer {

    @Autowired
    private CronMapper cronMapper;

  /*  @Autowired
    private TimeTaskService timeTaskService;*/

    @Override
    public void configureTasks(ScheduledTaskRegistrar scheduledTaskRegistrar) {
        //scheduledTaskRegistrar.addCronTask( () -> timeTaskService.reemAndSg(),cronMapper.getCron());
        scheduledTaskRegistrar.addTriggerTask(
                //1.添加任务内容(Runnable)
                () -> System.out.println("定时任务执行"),
                //2.设置执行周期(Trigger)
                triggerContext -> {
                    //2.1 从数据库获取执行周期
                    String cron = cronMapper.getCron();
                    //2.2 合法性校验.
                    if (StringUtils.isEmpty(cron)) {
                        // Omitted Code ..
                        log.warn("表达式为空");
                    }
                    //2.3 返回执行周期(Date)
                    return new CronTrigger(cron).nextExecutionTime(triggerContext);
                }
        );
    }
}

package com.xjj.modules.timetask.mapper;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;

/**
 * Created by wumingkai on 2020-6-5.
 */
@Mapper
public interface CronMapper {
    @Select("SELECT CRON FROM TIME_TASK WHERE CRON_TYPE = '4001'")
    String getCron();
}

这里会去查询你数据库里面设置的cron表达式，去赋值给定时任务。