WPF 实现TextBox背景中提示文字（水印效果）

网上找到的多是使用VisualBrush，代码如下。单独使用方便，但加入样式模板文字内容无法绑定附加属性（或依赖属性）。

<TextBox HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Width="100">
    <TextBox.Resources>
        <VisualBrush x:Key="HintText" TileMode="None" Opacity="0.5" Stretch="None" AlignmentX="Left">
            <VisualBrush.Visual>
                <TextBlock FontStyle="Italic" Text="提示文字"/>
            </VisualBrush.Visual>
        </VisualBrush>
    </TextBox.Resources>
    <TextBox.Style>
        <Style TargetType="TextBox">
            <Style.Triggers>
                <Trigger Property="Text" Value="{x:Null}">
                    <Setter Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource HintText}"/>
                </Trigger>
                <Trigger Property="Text" Value="">
                    <Setter Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource HintText}"/>
                </Trigger>
            </Style.Triggers>
        </Style>
    </TextBox.Style>
</TextBox>

本次找到的解决方法 附加属性+转换器+样式

可以多次使用，更改时只需要修改Watermark="背景文字"内容即可。

• 附加属性

public class TextBoxHelper
    {
        #region Watermark
        public static string GetWatermark(DependencyObject obj)
        {
            return (string)obj.GetValue(WatermarkProperty);
        }

        public static void SetWatermark(DependencyObject obj, string value)
        {
            obj.SetValue(WatermarkProperty, value);
        }

        public static readonly DependencyProperty WatermarkProperty =
            DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("Watermark", typeof(string), typeof(TextBoxHelper));


        #endregion
    }

• textBox式样

<Style x:Key="HelperText" TargetType="{x:Type TextBox}">
        <Setter Property="Template">
            <Setter.Value>
                <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type TextBox}">
                    <Grid>
                        <Border x:Name="BackBorder" SnapsToDevicePixels="true" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"
                            CornerRadius="4"
                            BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}">
                            <ScrollViewer x:Name="PART_ContentHost" SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}"/>
                        </Border>
                        <TextBlock  x:Name="tbWatermark"
                                            Padding="2,0"
                                            Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}"
                                            Foreground="{TemplateBinding Foreground}"
                                            FontSize="{TemplateBinding FontSize}"
                                            TextWrapping="Wrap"
                                            Focusable="False"
                                            IsHitTestVisible="False"
                                            Visibility="Collapsed"
                                            Text="{Binding Path=(local:TextBoxHelper.Watermark),RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType=TextBox}, Mode=OneWay}"
                                            VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalContentAlignment}"
                                            HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}"
                                            Opacity="0.3" />
                        <Border x:Name="underline" IsHitTestVisible="False" Background="Transparent" BorderBrush="#737B8C" BorderThickness="0 0 0 1" CornerRadius="4"/>
                    </Grid>
                    <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                        <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding Text,RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self},Converter={StaticResource IsNullOrEmptyConverter}}"
                                     Value="True">
                            <Setter Property="Visibility"
                                    TargetName="tbWatermark"
                                    Value="Visible" />
                    </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                </ControlTemplate>
            </Setter.Value>
        </Setter>
    </Style>

• 非空验证转换器

    #region String IsNullOrEmpty
    internal class IsNullOrEmptyConverter : IValueConverter
    {
        public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            return string.IsNullOrEmpty((string)value);
        }

        public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            return DependencyProperty.UnsetValue;
        }
    }
    #endregion

xaml中使用

<TextBox Grid.Row="4" Style="{StaticResource HelperText}" Grid.Column="1" Height="24" Width="120" Res:TextBoxHelper.Watermark="背景文字"/>