距离写这个实例过了太久了,就不写理论了。此次只实现了单用户连接,目标是实现多用户连接并且客户端之间可以互相通信,希望以后能补充完全吧。
简单说一下我在调试过程中遇到的问题:每次kill掉该服务器进程并重新启动的时候,都会出现bind错误:error:98,Address already in use。然而再kill掉该进程,再次重新启动的时候,就bind成功了。原因是tcp再关闭连接时,为了保证双向完全关闭,没有将端口释放,可以通过setsockopt设置端口复用(SO_REUSEADDR),在最终版本要将设置取消,违背了tcp的安全性。
server_TCP.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define SERVER_PORT 65535
#define LISTEN_BACKLOG 5
#define SOCKET_BUF_RDWR 512
int main(void)
{
int socket_ser_fd;
int socket_cli_fd;
struct sockaddr_in addr_server;
struct sockaddr_in addr_client;
int ret = 0;
int addr_len;
int size = 0;
char buf[SOCKET_BUF_RDWR] = {0};
int on = 1;
socket_ser_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (socket_ser_fd < 0)
{
printf("creat socket error!!!\n");
return -1;
}
/* 设置端口复用,on=0关闭,最终版本需要关闭 */
setsockopt(socket_ser_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(on));
addr_server.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr_server.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
/*addr_server.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(SERVER_IP);*/
addr_server.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
memset(addr_server.sin_zero, 0, 8);
ret = bind(socket_ser_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&addr_server,
sizeof(struct sockaddr));
if (ret < 0)
{
printf("bind error!!\n");
printf("error value:%d\n", errno);
printf("sockfd:%d\n", socket_ser_fd);
return -1;
}
ret = listen(socket_ser_fd, LISTEN_BACKLOG);
if (ret < 0)
{
printf("listen error!!\n");
return -1;
}
addr_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr);
socket_cli_fd = accept(socket_ser_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr_client,
(socklen_t *)&addr_len);
if (socket_cli_fd < 0)
{
printf("accept error!!\n");
return -1;
}
while (1)
{
size = read(socket_cli_fd, buf, SOCKET_BUF_RDWR);
if (size < 0)
{
printf("read error!!\n");
return -1;
}
printf("server get %d data:%s\n", size, buf);
memset(buf, 0, SOCKET_BUF_RDWR);
sprintf(buf, "server get %d data\n", size);
size = write(socket_cli_fd, buf, strlen(buf));
if (size < 0)
{
printf("write error!!\n");
return -1;
}
printf("server set %d data:%s\n", size, buf);
}
close(socket_cli_fd);
close(socket_ser_fd);
return 0;
}
client_TCP.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define SERVER_PORT 65535
#define SOCKET_BUF_RDWR 512
int main(int argv, char* argc[])
{
int client_fd;
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
int ret = 0;
int addr_len = 0;
int size = 0;
char buf[SOCKET_BUF_RDWR] = {0};
if (argv < 2)
{
printf("input error!!!\n");
return -1;
}
client_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (client_fd < 0)
{
printf("socket error\n");
return -1;
}
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
server_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argc[1]);
memset(server_addr.sin_zero, 0, 8);
addr_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
ret = connect(client_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr,
addr_len);
if (ret < 0)
{
printf("connect error!!\n");
return -1;
}
while (1)
{
fgets(buf, SOCKET_BUF_RDWR, stdin);
size = write(client_fd, buf, strlen(buf));
if (size < 0)
{
printf("write error!!!\n");
return -1;
}
printf("client set %d data:%s\n", size, buf);
size = read(client_fd, buf, SOCKET_BUF_RDWR);
if (size < 0)
{
printf("read error!!!\n");
return -1;
}
printf("client get %d data:%s\n", size, buf);
}
close(client_fd);
return 0;
}
Makefile
#将此目录下的c文件获取
SOURCE = $(wildcard *_TCP.c)
#将SOURCE中的名字后缀替换
TARGETS = $(patsubst %_TCP.c, %, $(SOURCE))
OBJS =
#有两种理由需要使用PHONY 目标:避免和同名文件冲突,改善性能
#此处用于改善性能,可以告知all目标并不是实际产生的文件
.PHONY:all
#基本变量赋值,这里代表选择编译器
CC = gcc
#CFLAGS 表示用于 C 编译器的选项
#-Wall 选项可以打印出编译时所有的错误或者警告信息
#-g 选项是指可以用gdb调试
CFLAGS = -Wall -g
all:$(TARGETS)
# $^ 代表所有的依赖对象
# $@ 代表目标
# $< 代表第一个依赖对象
# %:%_TCP.c
# 模式变量表示与目标相同的_TCP.c文件
$(TARGETS):%:%_TCP.c $(OBJS)
$(CC) $^ $(CFLAGS) -o $@
# @echo "BEGIN"
# @echo $^
# @echo $<
# @echo $(SOURCE)
# @echo $(TARGETS)
# @echo "END"
clean:
rm -rf $(TARGETS) $(OBJS)
运行环境:ubnutu 16.04
目标 :server client
依赖 :server_TCP.c client_TCP.c