nginx笔记(一)

最新推荐文章于 2023-04-12 14:57:54 发布
最新推荐文章于 2023-04-12 14:57:54 发布
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nginx笔记

nginx概述

历史背景

Nginx (engine x)是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理web服务器，同时也提供了IMAP/POP3/SMTP服务。Nginx是由伊戈尔·赛索耶夫为俄罗斯访问量第二的Rambler.ru站点（俄文: PaMOnep)开发的，第一个公开版本0.1.0发布于2004年10月4日。
其将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布，因它的稳定性、丰富的功能集、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗而闻名。2011年6月1日，nginx 1.0.4发布。
Nginx是一款轻量级的Web服务器/反向代理服务器及电子邮件(IMAP/POP3)代理服务器，在BSD-like 协议下发行。其特点是占有内存少，并发能力强，事实上nginx的并发能力确实在同类型的网页服务器中表现较好，中国大陆使用nginx网站用户有:百度、京东、新浪、网易、腾讯、淘宝等。

应用场景

高性能的静态WEB服务器

反向代理

在这里插入图片描述

Nginx为什么出现如此流行：互联网数据的快速增长

​ Apache处理请求的低效性

Nginx相较于Apache的优势

Apachenginx
一个进程处理一个请求一个进程处理多个请求
阻塞式的非阻塞式的

一个Http请求的全流程剖析

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

三个常用的应用场景

静态资源服务（Web Server）

反向代理服务

API服务

主要特点

高并发、高性能

扩展性好

异步非阻塞的事件驱动模型

高可靠性

热部署

部署使用

环境：centos7.9

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install epel-release
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
base                                                             | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                           | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                          | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                                | 249 kB  00:00:00     
(2/4): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                                    | 153 kB  00:00:00     
(3/4): base/7/x86_64/primary_db                                  | 6.1 MB  00:00:00     
(4/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                               |  20 MB  00:00:05     
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package epel-release.noarch 0:7-11 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================
 Package                  Arch               Version           Repository          Size
========================================================================================
Installing:
 epel-release             noarch             7-11              extras              15 k

Transaction Summary
========================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 15 k
Installed size: 24 k
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/extras/packages/epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Public key for epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm is not installed
epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm                                     |  15 kB  00:00:00     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:
 Userid     : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"
 Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5
 Package    : centos-release-7-9.2009.0.el7.centos.x86_64 (@anaconda)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : epel-release-7-11.noarch                                             1/1 
  Verifying  : epel-release-7-11.noarch                                             1/1 

Installed:
  epel-release.noarch 0:7-11                                                            

Complete!
## 换epel的国内源
[root@localhost ~]# sudo sed -e 's!^metalink=!#metalink=!g' \
>     -e 's!^#baseurl=!baseurl=!g' \
>     -e 's!http://download\.fedoraproject\.org/pub/epel!https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/epel!g' \
>     -e 's!http://download\.example/pub/epel!https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/epel!g' \
>     -i /etc/yum.repos.d/epel*.repo
[root@localhost ~]# yum list all | grep nginx
collectd-nginx.x86_64                    5.8.1-1.el7                   epel     
munin-nginx.noarch                       2.0.72-1.el7                  epel     
nginx.x86_64                             1:1.20.1-10.el7               epel     
nginx-all-modules.noarch                 1:1.20.1-10.el7               epel     
nginx-filesystem.noarch                  1:1.20.1-10.el7               epel     
nginx-mod-devel.x86_64                   1:1.20.1-10.el7               epel     
nginx-mod-http-image-filter.x86_64       1:1.20.1-10.el7               epel     
nginx-mod-http-perl.x86_64               1:1.20.1-10.el7               epel     
nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter.x86_64        1:1.20.1-10.el7               epel     
nginx-mod-mail.x86_64                    1:1.20.1-10.el7               epel     
nginx-mod-stream.x86_64                  1:1.20.1-10.el7               epel     
pagure-web-nginx.noarch                  5.13.3-2.el7                  epel     
pcp-pmda-nginx.x86_64                    4.3.2-13.el7_9                updates  
python2-certbot-nginx.noarch             1.11.0-1.el7                  epel     
sympa-nginx.x86_64                       6.2.70-2.el7                  epel     
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install nginx
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
epel                                                             | 4.7 kB  00:00:00     
Not using downloaded epel/repomd.xml because it is older than what we have:
  Current   : Tue Apr  4 23:52:32 2023
  Downloaded: Tue Mar 28 23:02:34 2023
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.20.1-10.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem = 1:1.20.1-10.el7 for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libcrypto.so.1.1(OPENSSL_1_1_0)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libssl.so.1.1(OPENSSL_1_1_0)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libssl.so.1.1(OPENSSL_1_1_1)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: redhat-indexhtml for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libcrypto.so.1.1()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libprofiler.so.0()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libssl.so.1.1()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package centos-indexhtml.noarch 0:7-9.el7.centos will be installed
---> Package gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7 will be installed
---> Package nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.20.1-10.el7 will be installed
---> Package openssl11-libs.x86_64 1:1.1.1k-5.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================
 Package                   Arch            Version                  Repository     Size
========================================================================================
Installing:
 nginx                     x86_64          1:1.20.1-10.el7          epel          588 k
Installing for dependencies:
 centos-indexhtml          noarch          7-9.el7.centos           base           92 k
 gperftools-libs           x86_64          2.6.1-1.el7              base          272 k
 nginx-filesystem          noarch          1:1.20.1-10.el7          epel           24 k
 openssl11-libs            x86_64          1:1.1.1k-5.el7           epel          1.5 M

Transaction Summary
========================================================================================
Install  1 Package (+4 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 2.4 M
Installed size: 6.7 M
Downloading packages:
(1/5): centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch.rpm                |  92 kB  00:00:00     
(2/5): gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                    | 272 kB  00:00:00     
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/epel/packages/nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-10.el7.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY
Public key for nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-10.el7.noarch.rpm is not installed
(3/5): nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-10.el7.noarch.rpm                 |  24 kB  00:00:00     
(4/5): nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64.rpm                            | 588 kB  00:00:00     
(5/5): openssl11-libs-1.1.1k-5.el7.x86_64.rpm                    | 1.5 MB  00:00:00     
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                      4.1 MB/s | 2.4 MB  00:00     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
Importing GPG key 0x352C64E5:
 Userid     : "Fedora EPEL (7) <epel@fedoraproject.org>"
 Fingerprint: 91e9 7d7c 4a5e 96f1 7f3e 888f 6a2f aea2 352c 64e5
 Package    : epel-release-7-11.noarch (@extras)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : 1:openssl11-libs-1.1.1k-5.el7.x86_64                                 1/5 
  Installing : 1:nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-10.el7.noarch                              2/5 
  Installing : centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch                               3/5 
  Installing : gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64                                   4/5 
  Installing : 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64                                         5/5 
  Verifying  : gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64                                   1/5 
  Verifying  : centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch                               2/5 
  Verifying  : 1:nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-10.el7.noarch                              3/5 
  Verifying  : 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64                                         4/5 
  Verifying  : 1:openssl11-libs-1.1.1k-5.el7.x86_64                                 5/5 

Installed:
  nginx.x86_64 1:1.20.1-10.el7                                                          

Dependency Installed:
  centos-indexhtml.noarch 0:7-9.el7.centos     gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7    
  nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.20.1-10.el7      openssl11-libs.x86_64 1:1.1.1k-5.el7    

Complete!
#rpm查询nginx包
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ql nginx
/etc/logrotate.d/nginx
/etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf
/etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf.default
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params.default
/etc/nginx/koi-utf
/etc/nginx/koi-win
/etc/nginx/mime.types
/etc/nginx/mime.types.default
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf.default
/etc/nginx/scgi_params
/etc/nginx/scgi_params.default
/etc/nginx/uwsgi_params
/etc/nginx/uwsgi_params.default
/etc/nginx/win-utf
/usr/bin/nginx-upgrade
/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
/usr/lib64/nginx/modules
/usr/sbin/nginx
/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.20.1
/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.20.1/CHANGES
/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.20.1/README
/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.20.1/README.dynamic
/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.20.1/UPGRADE-NOTES-1.6-to-1.10
/usr/share/licenses/nginx-1.20.1
/usr/share/licenses/nginx-1.20.1/LICENSE
/usr/share/man/man3/nginx.3pm.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/nginx-upgrade.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz
/usr/share/nginx/html/404.html
/usr/share/nginx/html/50x.html
/usr/share/nginx/html/en-US
/usr/share/nginx/html/icons
/usr/share/nginx/html/icons/poweredby.png
/usr/share/nginx/html/img
/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
/usr/share/nginx/html/nginx-logo.png
/usr/share/nginx/html/poweredby.png
/usr/share/nginx/modules
/usr/share/vim/vimfiles/ftdetect/nginx.vim
/usr/share/vim/vimfiles/ftplugin/nginx.vim
/usr/share/vim/vimfiles/indent/nginx.vim
/usr/share/vim/vimfiles/syntax/nginx.vim
/var/lib/nginx
/var/lib/nginx/tmp
/var/log/nginx
/var/log/nginx/access.log
/var/log/nginx/error.log
# 查看nginx文件
[root@localhost nginx]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# For more information on configuration, see:
#   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
#   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx; #指定用户nginx启动
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; #错误日志
pid /run/nginx.pid; #程序运行的PID文件

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf; #配置

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 4096;

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/octet-stream;

    # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
    # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
    # for more information.
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

    server {
        listen       80;
        listen       [::]:80;
        server_name  _;
        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

        error_page 404 /404.html;
        location = /404.html {
        }

        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
        }
    }

# Settings for a TLS enabled server.
#
#    server {
#        listen       443 ssl http2;
#        listen       [::]:443 ssl http2;
#        server_name  _;
#        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;
#
#        ssl_certificate "/etc/pki/nginx/server.crt";
#        ssl_certificate_key "/etc/pki/nginx/private/server.key";
#        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
#        ssl_session_timeout  10m;
#        ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
#        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
#
#        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
#        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
#
#        error_page 404 /404.html;
#            location = /40x.html {
#        }
#
#        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
#            location = /50x.html {
#        }
#    }

}
#查nginx启动文件
[root@localhost nginx]# rpm -ql nginx | grep bin
/usr/bin/nginx-upgrade
/usr/sbin/nginx
#查看帮助文档
[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/sbin/nginx -help
nginx version: nginx/1.20.1
Usage: nginx [-?hvVtTq] [-s signal] [-p prefix]
             [-e filename] [-c filename] [-g directives]

Options:
  -?,-h         : this help
  -v            : show version and exit
  -V            : show version and configure options then exit
  -t            : test configuration and exit
  -T            : test configuration, dump it and exit
  -q            : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing
  -s signal     : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload
  -p prefix     : set prefix path (default: /usr/share/nginx/)
  -e filename   : set error log file (default: /var/log/nginx/error.log)
  -c filename   : set configuration file (default: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf)
  -g directives : set global directives out of configuration file
#启动nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/sbin/nginx 
#再次启动时80端口被占用
[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/sbin/nginx 
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
^C
# 安装net-tools工具
[root@localhost nginx]# yum -y install net-tools
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

==================================================================
 Package      Arch      Version                     Repository
                                                             Size
==================================================================
Installing:
 net-tools    x86_64    2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7    base    306 k

Transaction Summary
==================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 306 k
Installed size: 917 k
Downloading packages:
net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rp | 306 kB   00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64      1/1 
  Verifying  : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64      1/1 

Installed:
  net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7                     

Complete!
# 使用netstat工具查看被占用的端口信息
root@localhost nginx]# netstat -tlnp | grep nginx
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      8611/nginx: master  
tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      8611/nginx: master  
# 使用kill命令结束进程
[root@localhost nginx]# kill -9 8612
#
[root@localhost nginx]# netstat -tlnp | grep nginx
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      8613/nginx: worker  
tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      8613/nginx: worker  
# 使用ps查看进程
 [root@localhost nginx]# ps -ef | grep  nginx
nginx      8613      1  0 08:44 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      8614      1  0 08:44 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      8615      1  0 08:44 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      8616      1  0 08:44 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      8617      1  0 08:44 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root       8646   8414  0 08:49 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
# 强制结束nginx相关进程
[root@localhost nginx]# kill -9 8613  8614   8615    8616   8617
# 再使用ps查看进程
[root@localhost nginx]# ps -ef | grep  nginx
root       8648   8414  0 08:50 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
# 再使用netstat工具查看nginx端口占用情况
[root@localhost nginx]# netstat -tlnp | grep nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# 
# 再次启动nginx服务
[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/sbin/nginx 
[root@localhost nginx]# 
[root@localhost nginx]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root       8653      1  0 08:54 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx
nginx      8654   8653  0 08:54 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      8655   8653  0 08:54 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      8656   8653  0 08:54 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      8657   8653  0 08:54 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      8658   8653  0 08:54 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      8659   8653  0 08:54 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root       8661   8414  0 08:54 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@localhost nginx]# kill -9  8653 8654   8655  8656   8657   8658    8659  
[root@localhost nginx]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root       8689   8414  0 08:57 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
# 使用-c参数指定nginx配置文件启动nginx服务
[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
[root@localhost nginx]# 
# 使用ps命令
[root@localhost nginx]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root       8692      1  0 08:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
nginx      8693   8692  0 08:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      8694   8692  0 08:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      8695   8692  0 08:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      8696   8692  0 08:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      8697   8692  0 08:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      8698   8692  0 08:58 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root       8700   8414  0 09:00 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
# 查看nginx日志文件
[root@localhost nginx]# cd /var/log/nginx/
[root@localhost nginx]# ls
access.log  error.log
#输入ip地址访问Nginx页面
#若无法访问则需要检查firewalld是否被关闭

在这里插入图片描述

 #查看access.log访问日志 
[root@localhost nginx]# cat access.log 
192.168.100.1 - - [05/Apr/2023:09:02:57 -0400] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 4833 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/111.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/111.0.1661.62" "-"
192.168.100.1 - - [05/Apr/2023:09:02:57 -0400] "GET /img/centos-logo.png HTTP/1.1" 200 3030 "http://192.168.100.132/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/111.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/111.0.1661.62" "-"
192.168.100.1 - - [05/Apr/2023:09:02:57 -0400] "GET /img/html-background.png HTTP/1.1" 200 1801 "http://192.168.100.132/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/111.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/111.0.1661.62" "-"
192.168.100.1 - - [05/Apr/2023:09:02:57 -0400] "GET /img/header-background.png HTTP/1.1" 200 82896 "http://192.168.100.132/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/111.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/111.0.1661.62" "-"
192.168.100.1 - - [05/Apr/2023:09:02:57 -0400] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 3650 "http://192.168.100.132/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/111.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/111.0.1661.62" "-"
[root@localhost nginx]# 
#可以使用tail -f 动态的去查看访问日志
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