上一篇总结了servlet session相关知识,接下来总结servlet对文件上传的支持等支持。
一、概述
servlet文件上传依赖2个jar包:commons-fileupload-*、commons-io-*.jar。使用一个fileUpload.html上传文件,需要注意以下几点:
- 表单只能使用post方法,不能使用get方法
- 表单 enctype 属性应该设置为 multipart/form-data.
二、实例演示
html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>文件上传演示</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
选择:<input type="file" name="uploadFile">
<br/>
<input type="submit" value="上传">
</form>
</body>
</html>
servlet:
package com.david.servlet.fileUpload;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
@WebServlet("/upload")
public class FileUploadDemoServlet extends HttpServlet {
//文件存储的位置
private static final String PATH="demo";
// 上传配置
//设置缓冲区大小
private static final int MEMORY_THRESHOLD = 1024 * 1024 * 3; // 3MB
private static final long MAX_FILE_SIZE = 1024 * 1024 * 40; // 40MB
private static final long MAX_REQUEST_SIZE = 1024 * 1024 * 50; // 50MB
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 检测是否为多媒体上传
if(!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(req)){
//如果不是则返回
resp.getWriter().println("Error: 表单必须包含 enctype=multipart/form-data");
return;
}
DiskFileItemFactory factory=new DiskFileItemFactory();
//设置缓冲区,超过后将产生临时文件,并将临时文件存储临时文件目录中
factory.setSizeThreshold(MEMORY_THRESHOLD);
//设置临时存储目录
/**
* System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir") 是获取操作系统的缓存临时目录
* windows7中的目录是:C:\Users\登录用户~1\AppData\Local\Temp\
*/
factory.setRepository(new File(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir")));
ServletFileUpload upload=new ServletFileUpload(factory);
//设置上传文件大小的最大值
upload.setFileSizeMax(MAX_FILE_SIZE);
//设置最大请求值 (包含文件和表单值)
upload.setSizeMax(MAX_REQUEST_SIZE);
//中文处理
upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");
//这个路径相对当前应用的目录
String uploadPath=req.getServletContext().getRealPath("./")+File.separator+PATH;
System.out.println(uploadPath);
// 如果目录不存在则创建
File uploadDir = new File(uploadPath);
if (!uploadDir.exists()) {
uploadDir.mkdir();
}
try {
List<FileItem> formItems = upload.parseRequest(req);
if(formItems!=null&&formItems.size()>0){
// 迭代表单数据
for(FileItem item:formItems){
// 处理不在表单中的字段
if(!item.isFormField()){
String fileName = new File(item.getName()).getName();
String filePath = uploadPath+File.separator+fileName;
File file=new File(filePath);
System.out.println("文件路径:"+filePath);
//将文件保存到磁盘
item.write(file);
}
}
}
resp.getWriter().println("上传成功!");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
resp.getWriter().println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
页面:
控制台输出:
磁盘: