访问URL(二)调用工具类实现访问url接口

工具类代码:

import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.X509HostnameVerifier;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import javax.net.ssl.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * HTTP 请求工具类
 *
 * @author : chb
 * @date : 2018/7/21
 */
public class HttpUtil {
    private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connMgr;
    private static RequestConfig requestConfig;
    private static final int MAX_TIMEOUT = 1200000;

    static {
        // 设置连接池
        connMgr = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
        // 设置连接池大小
        connMgr.setMaxTotal(100);
        connMgr.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(connMgr.getMaxTotal());

        RequestConfig.Builder configBuilder = RequestConfig.custom();
        // 设置连接超时
        configBuilder.setConnectTimeout(MAX_TIMEOUT);
        // 设置读取超时
        configBuilder.setSocketTimeout(MAX_TIMEOUT);
        // 设置从连接池获取连接实例的超时
        configBuilder.setConnectionRequestTimeout(MAX_TIMEOUT);
        // 在提交请求之前 测试连接是否可用
        configBuilder.setStaleConnectionCheckEnabled(true);
        requestConfig = configBuilder.build();
    }

    /**
     * 发送 GET 请求(HTTP),不带输入数据
     * @param url
     * @return
     */
    public static String doGet(String url) {
        return doGet(url, new HashMap<String, Object>());
    }

    /**
     * 发送 GET 请求(HTTP),K-V形式
     * @param url
     * @param params
     * @return
     */
    public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, Object> params) {
        String apiUrl = url;
        StringBuffer param = new StringBuffer();
        int i = 0;
        for (String key : params.keySet()) {
            if (i == 0)
                param.append("?");
            else
                param.append("&");
            param.append(key).append("=").append(params.get(key));
            i++;
        }
        apiUrl += param;
        String result = null;
        HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
        try {
            HttpGet httpPost = new HttpGet(apiUrl);
            HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
            int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

            System.out.println("执行状态码 : " + statusCode);

            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if (entity != null) {
                InputStream instream = entity.getContent();
                result = IOUtils.toString(instream, "UTF-8");
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 发送 POST 请求(HTTP),不带输入数据
     * @param apiUrl
     * @return
     */
    public static String doPost(String apiUrl) {
        return doPost(apiUrl, new HashMap<String, Object>());
    }

    /**
     * 发送 POST 请求(HTTP),K-V形式
     * @param apiUrl API接口URL
     * @param params 参数map
     * @return
     */
    public static String doPost(String apiUrl, Map<String, Object> params) {
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        String httpStr = null;
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(apiUrl);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

        try {
            httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
            List<NameValuePair> pairList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());
            for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {
                NameValuePair pair = new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry
                        .getValue().toString());
                pairList.add(pair);
            }
            httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairList, Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
            httpPost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            System.out.println(response.toString());
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if (null != entity) {
                httpStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                try {
                    EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return httpStr;
    }

    /**
     * 发送 POST 请求(HTTP),JSON形式
     * @param apiUrl
     * @param json json对象
     * @return
     */
    public static String doPost(String apiUrl, Object json) {
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        String httpStr = null;
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(apiUrl);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

        try {
            httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
            StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(json.toString(),"UTF-8");//解决中文乱码问题
            stringEntity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
            stringEntity.setContentType("application/json");
            httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            System.out.println(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
            httpStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                try {
                    EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return httpStr;
    }

    /**
     * 发送 SSL POST 请求(HTTPS),K-V形式
     * @param apiUrl API接口URL
     * @param params 参数map
     * @return
     */
    public static String doPostSSL(String apiUrl, Map<String, Object> params) throws IOException {
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(createSSLConnSocketFactory()).setConnectionManager(connMgr).setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build();
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(apiUrl);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String httpStr = null;

        try {
            httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
            List<NameValuePair> pairList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());
            for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {
                NameValuePair pair = new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()!=null? entry.getValue().toString():"");
                pairList.add(pair);
            }
            httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairList, Charset.forName("utf-8")));
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                return null;
            }
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if (entity == null) {
                return null;
            }
            httpStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw  e;
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                try {
                    EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw  e;
                }
            }
        }
        return httpStr;
    }

    /**
     * 发送 SSL POST 请求(HTTPS),JSON形式
     * @param apiUrl API接口URL
     * @param json JSON对象
     * @return
     */
    public static String doPostSSL(String apiUrl, Object json) {
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(createSSLConnSocketFactory()).setConnectionManager(connMgr).setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build();
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(apiUrl);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String httpStr = null;

        try {
            httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
            StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(json.toString(),"UTF-8");//解决中文乱码问题
            stringEntity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
            stringEntity.setContentType("application/json");
            httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                return null;
            }
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if (entity == null) {
                return null;
            }
            httpStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                try {
                    EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return httpStr;
    }

    /**
     * 发送 GET 请求(HTTPS),K-V形式
     * @param url
     * @param params
     * @return
     */
    public static String doGetIgnoreVerifySSL(String url, Map<String, Object> params) throws KeyManagementException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        String apiUrl = url;
        StringBuffer param = new StringBuffer();
        int i = 0;
        for (String key : params.keySet()) {
            if (i == 0)
                param.append("?");
            else
                param.append("&");
            param.append(key).append("=").append(params.get(key));
            i++;
        }
        apiUrl += param;
        String result = null;
        //采用绕过验证的方式处理https请求
        SSLContext sslcontext = createIgnoreVerifySSL();

        //设置协议http和https对应的处理socket链接工厂的对象
        Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()
                .register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
                .register("https", new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslcontext))
                .build();
        PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);
        HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connManager);

        //创建自定义的httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connManager).build();

        try {
            HttpGet httpPost = new HttpGet(apiUrl);
            HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
            int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

            System.out.println("执行状态码 : " + statusCode);

            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if (entity != null) {
                InputStream instream = entity.getContent();
                result = IOUtils.toString(instream, "UTF-8");
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 发送 SSL POST 请求(HTTPS),K-V形式
     * @param apiUrl API接口URL
     * @param params 参数map
     * @return
     */
    public static String doPostIgnoreVerifySSL(String apiUrl, Map<String, Object> params) throws KeyManagementException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        //采用绕过验证的方式处理https请求
        SSLContext sslcontext = createIgnoreVerifySSL();
        //设置协议http和https对应的处理socket链接工厂的对象
        Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()
                .register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
                .register("https", new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslcontext))
                .build();
        PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);
        HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connManager);

        //创建自定义的httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connManager).build();

        String httpStr = null;
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(apiUrl);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

        try {
            httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
            List<NameValuePair> pairList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());
            for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {
                NameValuePair pair = new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry
                        .getValue().toString());
                pairList.add(pair);
            }
            httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairList, Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
            httpPost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            System.out.println(response.toString());
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if (null != entity) {
                httpStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                try {
                    EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return httpStr;
    }

    /**
     * 绕过验证
     *
     * @return
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
     * @throws KeyManagementException
     */
    public static SSLContext createIgnoreVerifySSL() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {
        SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSLv3");

        // 实现一个X509TrustManager接口,用于绕过验证,不用修改里面的方法
        X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() {
            @Override
            public void checkClientTrusted(
                    java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] paramArrayOfX509Certificate,
                    String paramString) throws CertificateException {
            }

            @Override
            public void checkServerTrusted(
                    java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] paramArrayOfX509Certificate,
                    String paramString) throws CertificateException {
            }

            @Override
            public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                return null;
            }
        };

        sc.init(null, new TrustManager[] { trustManager }, null);
        return sc;
    }

    /**
     * 创建SSL安全连接
     *
     * @return
     */
    private static SSLConnectionSocketFactory createSSLConnSocketFactory() {
        SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = null;
        try {
            SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {

                public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
                    return true;
                }
            }).build();
            sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, new X509HostnameVerifier() {

                @Override
                public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {
                    return true;
                }

                @Override
                public void verify(String host, SSLSocket ssl) throws IOException {
                }

                @Override
                public void verify(String host, X509Certificate cert) throws SSLException {
                }

                @Override
                public void verify(String host, String[] cns, String[] subjectAlts) throws SSLException {
                }
            });
        } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return sslsf;
    }


    /**
     * 测试方法
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Map<String, Object> tokenParamMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        tokenParamMap.put("wd","马登凌");
        String result = doGetIgnoreVerifySSL("https://www.baidu.com/s",tokenParamMap);
        System.out.println(result);
    }
}

工具类中使用到的jar包有:commons-io-2.5.jar、httpclient-4.5.3.jar、httpcore-4.4.6.jar
项目中亲测使用过的是doPostIgnoreVerifySSL、doGetIgnoreVerifySSL方法,访问https协议的接口跳过安全验证。同时也了解了Java jre中加安全证书的方式,在此以作记录。
一、证书的下载
打开浏览器输入https://的网站,如果没有相关证书,可以根据提示从浏览器中下载下来,一般保存为*.cer文件。
点击URL前边的锁标志,点击证书
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
二、证书的安装
将下载好的证书拷贝到%JAVA_HOME%\jre\lib\security\cacerts路径下,cmd或者powershell打开命令框
keytool -import -trustcacerts -alias afpc.hangzhou.gov.cn -file cert.cer -keystore cacerts -storepass changeit#新增
三、证书的查看
keytool -list -keystore cacerts#查看
补充:keytool -delete -alias afpc.hangzhou.gov.cn -keystore cacerts#删除
删除时需要用到密码,默认密钥库口令为changeit

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