reduce()使用场景、用法总结

先来看MDN上的解释：

reduce() 方法对数组中的每个元素执行一个由您提供的reducer函数(升序执行)，将其结果汇总为单个返回值。

举个栗子：

const array1 = [1, 2, 3, 4];
const reducer = (accumulator, currentValue) => accumulator + currentValue;

// 1 + 2 + 3 + 4
console.log(array1.reduce(reducer));
// expected output: 10

// 5 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4
console.log(array1.reduce(reducer, 5));
// expected output: 15

reducer 函数接收4个参数:

Accumulator (acc) (累计器)
Current Value (cur) (当前值)
Current Index (idx) (当前索引)
Source Array (src) (源数组)

您的 reducer 函数的返回值分配给累计器，该返回值在数组的每个迭代中被记住，并最后成为最终的单个结果值。

接下来写写reduce的应用场景吧

数组求和：

var total=[ 0, 1, 2, 3 ].reduce((acc,cur)=> acc +cur,0);

累加对象数组里的值：

var initialValue = 0;
var sum = [{x: 1}, {x:2}, {x:3}].reduce(
    (accumulator, currentValue) => accumulator + currentValue.x
    ,initialValue
);

console.log(sum) // logs 6

// 函数形式：
var sum = [{x: 1}, {x:2}, {x:3}].reduce(function (accumulator, currentValue) {
    return accumulator + currentValue.x;
},initialValue)

将二维数组转化为一维：

var flattened = [[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5]].reduce(
  function(a, b) {
    return a.concat(b);
  },
  []  // 初始值
);

// flattened is [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
//你也可以写成箭头函数的形式：

var flattened = [[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5]].reduce(
 ( acc, cur ) => acc.concat(cur),
 []
);

计算数组中每个元素出现的次数：

var names = ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Tiff', 'Bruce', 'Alice'];

var countedNames = names.reduce(function (allNames, name) {
  if (name in allNames) {
    allNames[name]++;
  }
  else {
    allNames[name] = 1;
  }
  return allNames;
}, {});
// countedNames is:
// { 'Alice': 2, 'Bob': 1, 'Tiff': 1, 'Bruce': 1 }

按属性对object分类：

var people = [
  { name: 'Alice', age: 21 },
  { name: 'Max', age: 20 },
  { name: 'Jane', age: 20 }
];

function groupBy(objectArray, property) {
  return objectArray.reduce(function (acc, obj) {
    var key = obj[property];
    if (!acc[key]) {
      acc[key] = [];
    }
    acc[key].push(obj);
    return acc;
  }, {});
}

var groupedPeople = groupBy(people, 'age');
// groupedPeople is:
// {
//   20: [
//     { name: 'Max', age: 20 },
//     { name: 'Jane', age: 20 }
//   ],
//   21: [{ name: 'Alice', age: 21 }]
// }

数组去重：

let myArray = ['a', 'b', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'e', 'e', 'c', 'd', 'd', 'd', 'd']
let myOrderedArray = myArray.reduce(function (accumulator, currentValue) {
  if (accumulator.indexOf(currentValue) === -1) {
    accumulator.push(currentValue)
  }
  return accumulator
}, [])

console.log(myOrderedArray)

let arr = [1,2,1,2,3,5,4,5,3,4,4,4,4];
let result = arr.sort().reduce((init, current) => {
    if(init.length === 0 || init[init.length-1] !== current) {
        init.push(current);
    }
    return init;
}, []);
console.log(result); //[1,2,3,4,5]