WPF 输入框数据验证处理,错误提示,以及初始化未输入时不验证

model类

继承INotifyPropertyChanged,实现双向数据同步
继承IDataErrorInfo,实现错误输出

 internal class User:INotifyPropertyChanged,IDataErrorInfo
 {
  Dictionary<string, List<ValidationResult>> errorDic=new Dictionary<string, List<ValidationResult>>();
     public string _name;
     /// <summary>
     /// 是否可以验证
     /// </summary>
     bool isValidatorName=false;
     public string this[string columnName]
     {
         get
         {
          
             var vc = new ValidationContext(this, null, null);
             vc.MemberName = columnName;
             //错误缓存
             var res = new List<ValidationResult>();
             var result = Validator.TryValidateProperty(this.GetType().GetProperty(columnName).GetValue(this, null), vc, res);
             //把所有错误存入字典
              if(!errorDic.ContainsKey(columnName))
				 {
				     errorDic.Add(columnName, res);
				 }
				 else
				 {
				     errorDic[columnName] = res;
				 }
 			  if(columnName=="Name"&& !isValidatorName)
             {
                 return string .Empty;
             }           
			  if (res.Count > 0)
             {
                 return string.Join(Environment.NewLine, res.Select(r => r.ErrorMessage).ToArray());
             }
             return string.Empty;
         }
     }
     public string Error
     {
         get { return null; }
     }
     /// <summary>
     /// 要验证的字段
     /// </summary>
     [Required(ErrorMessage = "[登录名]内容不能为空！")]
     [StringLength(4, ErrorMessage = "[登录名]内容最大允许255个字符！")]
     [RegularExpression("^[A-Za-z0-9]+$", ErrorMessage = "[登录名]格式不正确！")]
     public string Name
     {
         get { return _name; }
         set { _name = value;
             OnPropertyChanged("Name");
             isValidatorName = true;
         }
     }

     /// <summary>
     /// 双向同步处理
     /// </summary>
     public event PropertyChangedEventHandler? PropertyChanged;
     void OnPropertyChanged( string propName)
     {
         PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this,new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propName));
     }
      /// <summary>
	 /// 验证所有字段是否合法
	 /// </summary>
	 /// <returns></returns>
	 public bool IsValidator()
	 {
	     return errorDic.Values.Sum(e=>e.Count)==0;
	 }
	  /// <summary>
	 /// 获取字段错误信息
	 /// </summary>
	 /// <param name="columnName"></param>
	 /// <returns></returns>
	 public List<ValidationResult> GetErrorList(string columnName)
	 {
	     if(errorDic.ContainsKey(columnName))
	     return errorDic[columnName];
	     return new List<ValidationResult>();
	 }
 }

自定义isValidatorName字段,初始化为false,此时不输出错误

Name字段被修改时说明用户在输入了,此时isValidatorName改为true,开始验证此字段.
这样可以防止初始化页面时显示判空的错误提示.

页面

  public partial class MainWindow : Window
  {

       User user { get; set; }
      public MainWindow()
      {
          InitializeComponent();
          user=new User();
          this.DataContext = user;
      }
}

页面进行数据绑定
初始化User类的实例并绑定到页面DataContext

输入框样式

<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
                    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
    <Style x:Key="BlueTextBox" TargetType="TextBox">
        <Style.Triggers>
            <Trigger Property="Validation.HasError" Value="true">
                <Setter Property="Validation.ErrorTemplate">
                    <Setter.Value>
                        <ControlTemplate>
                            <DockPanel LastChildFill="True">
                                <TextBlock DockPanel.Dock="Bottom" Background="Red" Foreground="White" FontSize="12" Height="14"
                                                       Width="Auto"
                                                       VerticalAlignment="Center" TextAlignment="Center" TextWrapping="Wrap" FontFamily="Arial" 
                                                 Text="{Binding ElementName=ErrorBox, Path=AdornedElement.(Validation.Errors)[0].ErrorContent}">
                                </TextBlock>
                                <AdornedElementPlaceholder Name="ErrorBox" />
                            </DockPanel>
                        </ControlTemplate>
                    </Setter.Value>
                </Setter>
            </Trigger>
        </Style.Triggers>

    </Style>
</ResourceDictionary>

如果有错误,显示出来
AdornedElementPlaceholder 提取了错误内容,样式中写一个TextBlock 输出错误
Text=“{Binding ElementName=ErrorBox, Path=AdornedElement.(Validation.Errors)[0].ErrorContent}”

画页面

 <Window.Resources>
     <ResourceDictionary Source="TextBoxStyle.xaml"></ResourceDictionary>
 </Window.Resources>

页面引用资源样式文件

  <TextBox  x:Name="userName" Style="{StaticResource BlueTextBox}"    Width="200" Height="30">
      <TextBox.Text>
          <Binding Path="Name" UpdateSourceTrigger="PropertyChanged"  ValidatesOnDataErrors="true" >
            
          </Binding>
      </TextBox.Text>

  </TextBox>

输入框设置样式,并绑定了页面数据的Name属性同步数据, Path=“Name”.
绑定事件输入时更新数据,UpdateSourceTrigger=“PropertyChanged”,
设置有错误时输出显示出来ValidatesOnDataErrors=“true”,

  private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
  {
  		//验证字段是否合法
      if (user.IsValidator())
      {

      }
    
  }

后台验证是否通过.

总结

整体思数是model类继承IDataErrorInfo接口,当有数据修改时启用验证,并把验证错误信息返回,页面输入框的模板通过AdornedElementPlaceholder输出错误信息.