C++入门案例

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已于 2023-08-26 11:05:54 修改
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分类专栏： C++ 文章标签： c++
于 2022-08-11 11:40:20 首次发布
本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39656068/article/details/126282295
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入门案例

- 案例
案例

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<string>
#define MAX 1000

// 联系人结构体
struct Person
{
	//姓名
	string m_Name;
	//性别
	short m_Sex;
	//年龄
	short m_Age;
	//电话
	string m_phone;
	//地址
	string m_Addr;
};
// 通讯录结构体
struct Addressbooks 
{
	struct Person personArr[MAX];
	int m_Size;
};



// 封装函数显示界面  void showMenu()
// 声明菜单界面
void showMenu();
//声明添加联系人函数
void addPerson(struct Addressbooks* abs);
//声明显示联系人函数
void showPerson(struct Addressbooks* abs);
//声明检测联系人函数
int isExist(struct Addressbooks* abs,string name);
//声明删除联系函数
void deletePerson(struct Addressbooks* abs,string delName);
//声明查找联系人函数
void findPerson(struct Addressbooks* abs,string findName);
//声明修改联系人函数
void updatedPerson(struct Addressbooks* abs,string updatedName);
//声明清空联系人函数
void clearPerson(struct Addressbooks* abs);


int main()
{
	//创建通讯录结构体变量
	struct Addressbooks abs;
	//初始化通讯录中的当前人员个数
	abs.m_Size = 0;


	int selectNum = 0; //创建用户的选择编号
	while(true)
	{
		//菜单的调用
		showMenu();
		//输入用户选择编号
		cin >> selectNum;
		switch (selectNum)
		{
		case 1:
			addPerson(&abs);
			break;
		case 2:
			showPerson(&abs);
			break;
		case 3:
		{
			string delName;
			cout << "请输入需要删除联系人的姓名:" << endl;
			cin >> delName;
			if (isExist(&abs, delName) == -1) 
			{
				cout << "不存在该联系人" << endl;
			}
			else {
				deletePerson(&abs,delName);
			}
		}
			break;
		case 4:
		{
			string findName;
			cout << "请输入需要查找联系人的姓名:" << endl;
			cin >> findName;
			if (isExist(&abs, findName) == -1)
			{
				cout << "不存在该联系人" << endl;
			}
			else {
				findPerson(&abs,findName);
			}
		}
			break;
		case 5:
		{
			string updatedName;
			cout << "请输入修改联系人的姓名:" << endl;
			cin >> updatedName;
			if(isExist(&abs,updatedName) == -1)
			{
				cout << "不存在该联系人" << endl;
			}
			else {
				updatedPerson(&abs,updatedName);
			}
		}
			break;
		case 6:
			clearPerson(&abs);
			break;
		case 0:
			cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
			system("pause");
			return 0;
			break;
		default:
			system("cls");
			break;
		}
	}	
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

void showMenu()
{
	cout << "**************************" << endl;
	cout << "****** 1.添加联系人 ******" << endl;
	cout << "****** 2.显示联系人 ******" << endl;
	cout << "****** 3.删除联系人 ******" << endl;
	cout << "****** 4.查找联系人 ******" << endl;
	cout << "****** 5.修改联系人 ******" << endl;
	cout << "****** 6.清空联系人 ******" << endl;
	cout << "****** 0.退出联系人 ******" << endl;
	cout << "**************************" << endl;
}
void addPerson(struct Addressbooks* abs)
{
	// 判断通讯录人数
	if (abs->m_Size == MAX) {
		cout << "通讯录已满，无法添加" << endl;
		return;
	}
	else {
		string name;
		cout << "请输入姓名: " << endl;
		cin >> name;
		abs->personArr[abs->m_Size].m_Name = name;

		//性别
		short sex;
		cout << "请输入性别: 1 -- 男，2 -- 女" << endl;
		while(true)
		{
			cin >> sex;
			if (sex == 1 || sex == 2) {
				abs->personArr[abs->m_Size].m_Sex = sex;
				break;
			}
			else {
				cout << "请重新输入!" << endl;
			}
		}
		
		// 年龄
		short age;
		cout << "请输入年龄: " << endl;
		while(true) 
		{
			cin >> age;
			if(age >= 0 || age <= 200)
			{
				abs->personArr[abs->m_Size].m_Age = age;
				break;
			}
			cout << "请输入正确的年龄(0~200)" << endl;
		}
		
		// 电话号码
		string phoneNum;
		cout << "请输入联系电话号码：" << endl;
		cin >> phoneNum;
		abs->personArr[abs->m_Size].m_phone = phoneNum;

		// 家庭住址
		string address;
		cout << "请输入家庭住址:" << endl;
		cin >> address;
		abs->personArr[abs->m_Size].m_Addr = address;
		//更新通讯录人数
		abs->m_Size++;
		cout << "姓名: " << abs->personArr[abs->m_Size - 1].m_Name << "\t";
		cout << "性别: " << (abs->personArr[abs->m_Size - 1].m_Sex == 1? "男":"女") << "\t";
		cout << "年龄: " << abs->personArr[abs->m_Size - 1].m_Age << "\t";
		cout << "号码: " << abs->personArr[abs->m_Size - 1].m_phone << "\t";
		cout << "地址: " << abs->personArr[abs->m_Size - 1].m_Addr << endl;

		cout << "添加成功" << endl;
		system("pause"); //按任意键继续
		system("cls"); //清空操作
	}
}
void showPerson(struct Addressbooks* abs)
{
	if(abs->m_Size <= 0)
	{
		cout << "你还没有联系人" << endl;
	}
	else {
		for(int i = 0;i < abs->m_Size;i++)
		{
			cout << "姓名: " << abs->personArr[i].m_Name;
			cout << "\t性别: " << (abs->personArr[i].m_Sex == 1 ? "男":"女");
			cout << "\t年龄: " << abs->personArr[i].m_Age;
			cout << "\t号码: " << abs->personArr[i].m_phone;
			cout << "\t地址: " << abs->personArr[i].m_Addr;
			cout << endl;
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
int isExist(struct Addressbooks* abs,string name)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++) {
		if(abs->personArr[i].m_Name == name)
		{
			//找到了，返回下标
			return i;
		}
	}
	//未找到联系人
	return -1;
}
void deletePerson(struct Addressbooks* abs,string delName)
{
	/*cout << "请输入需要删除的联系人姓名:" << endl;
	string delName;
	cin >> delName;*/
	int result = isExist(abs, delName);
	if (result != -1) {
		for (int i = result; i < abs->m_Size; i++) {
			//数据前移
			abs->personArr[i] = abs->personArr[i + 1];
		}
		cout << "删除成功" << endl;
		//更新通讯录中的人员
		abs->m_Size--;
	}
	else {
		cout << "查无此人" << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
void findPerson(struct Addressbooks* abs,string findName)
{
	/*cout << "请输入查找联系人姓名: " << endl;
	string findName;
	cin >> findName;*/
	if (isExist(abs, findName) != -1) 
	{
		int pNum = isExist(abs, findName);
		cout << "姓名: " << abs->personArr[pNum].m_Name << "\t";
		cout << "性别: " << (abs->personArr[pNum].m_Sex == 1?"男":"女") << "\t";
		cout << "年龄: " << abs->personArr[pNum].m_Age << "\t";
		cout << "号码: " << abs->personArr[pNum].m_phone << "\t";
		cout << "地址: " << abs->personArr[pNum].m_Addr << endl;
	}
	else {
		cout << "不存在该联系人" << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
void updatedPerson(struct Addressbooks* abs,string updatedName) 
{
	/*cout << "请输入需要修改联系人的姓名:" << endl;
	string updatedName;
	cin >> updatedName;*/
	if (isExist(abs, updatedName) != -1) {
		cout << "请输入需要修改的名字:" << endl;
		string newName;
		cin >> newName;
		cout << "请输入需要修改的号码:" << endl;
		string newPhone;
		cin >> newPhone;
		int pNum = isExist(abs, updatedName);
		abs->personArr[pNum].m_Name = newName;
		abs->personArr[pNum].m_phone = newPhone;
		cout << "姓名: " << abs->personArr[pNum].m_Name << "\t";
		cout << "性别: " << (abs->personArr[pNum].m_Sex == 1?"男":"女") << "\t";
		cout << "年龄: " << abs->personArr[pNum].m_Age << "\t";
		cout << "号码: " << abs->personArr[pNum].m_phone << "\t";
		cout << "地址: " << abs->personArr[pNum].m_Addr << endl;
	}
	else {
		cout << "不存在该联系人" << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
void clearPerson(struct Addressbooks* abs) 
{
	cout << "是否清空所有联系人? 请输入y清空；输入n不清空" << endl;
	char chr;
	cin >> chr;
	if (chr == 'y') {
		abs->m_Size = 0;
		cout << "通讯录已清空" << endl;
		system("pause");
		system("cls");
	}else{
		cout << "取消清空联系人" << endl;
		system("pause");
		system("cls");
	}
	
}