HDFS读写文件中涉及到的几个思想

1.网络拓扑–节点距离计算

1.节点距离：两个节点到达最近的共同祖先的距离总和。
2.图解：

2.机架感知（副本节点选择）

1.官方说明：http://hadoop.apache.org/docs/r2.7.2/hadoop-project-dist/hadoop-hdfs/HdfsDesign.html#Data_Replication

关键句：
For the common case, when the replication factor is three, HDFS’s placement policy is to put one replica on one node in the local rack, 
another on a different node in the local rack, and the last on a different node in a different rack.

2.图解：

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