NG-RAN架构

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下一代无线接入网(Next Generation-Ratio Access Network,NG-RAN)学习资料整理。

无线协议架构

协议栈架构

SDAP

SDAP子层为每个数据包添加上标签,执行Qos流到无线承载的映射。SDAP SDU附加上SDAP头,组成SDAP PDU, SDAP PDU被转发到PDCP子层。

PDCP

PDCP层主要功能:
PDCP层完成IP头压缩、加密、完整性保护。PDCP SDU附加上PDCP头、组成PDCP PDU,PDCP头包含了UE用于解密PDCP SDU的信息,PDCP PDU被转发到RLC子层。

RLC

RLC子层完成PDCP PDU的串联和/或分割。RLC SDU附加上RLC头,组成RLC PDU。RLC头的功能是确保RLC PDU按顺序发送(针对每个逻辑信道)以及发生重传时识别RLC PDU,RLC PDU被转发到MAC子层。

MAC

MAC子层复用多个RLC PDU并附加上MAC头后形成传输块,根据链路自适应计值确定的数那是速率选择传输块尺寸,因此链路自适应影响MAC子层和RLC子层的处理。最后物理层在传输块上附加上CRC以便进行差错检测,完成编码和调制,发送物理信号(可能使用多个天线)。

专业名词

无线承载RB

无线承载RB(Radio Bearer)是基站为UE分配不同层协议实体及配置的总称,包括PDCP协议实体、RLC协议实体、MAC协议实体和PHY分配的一系列资源等。RB是无线接口连接eNodeB和UE的通道(包括PHY、MAC、RLC和PDCP),任何在无线接口上传输的数据都要经过RB。

Qos

为了对不同业务提供不同的服务质量,无线网络提供了QoS(Quality of
Service),QoS管理是无线网络满足不同业务质量要求的控制机制,它是一个端到端的过程,需要业务在发起者到响应者之间所经历的网络各节点共同协作,以保障服务质量。空口QoS管理特性针对各种业务和用户的不同需求,提供不同的端到端服务质量。NSA(Non-Standalone)组网和SA(Standalone)组网下均支持QoS管理。

PDU

协议数据单元PDU(Protocol Data Unit)是指对等层次之间传递的数据单位。协议数据单元(Protocol Data Unit )物理层的 PDU是数据位(bit),数据链路层的 PDU是数据帧(frame),网络层的PDU是数据包(packet),传输层的 PDU是数据段(segment),其他更高层次的PDU是数据(data)。
在分层网络结构,例如在开放式系统互联(OSI)模型中,在传输系统的每一层都将建立协议数据单元(PDU)。PDU包含来自上层的信息,以及当前层的实体附加的信息。然后,这个PDU被传送到下一较低的层。物理层实际以一种编帧的位流形式传输这些PDU,但是由协议栈的较高层建造这些PDU。接收系统自下而上传送这些分组通过协议栈,并在协议栈的每一层分离出PDU中的相关信息。重要的一点是,每一层附加到PDU上的信息,是指定给另一个系统的同等层的。这就是对等层如何进行一次通信会话协调的。通过从传输层段剥离报头,执行协议数据检测以确定作为传输层段的部分数据的协议段的数据,以及执行标志验证和剥离,从而处理数据段。还提供用于处理数据段的技术,其中接收到协议数据单元的报头部分。利用所接收的报头部分来确定将储存在应用空间中的数据的字节数。而且,利用所接收的报头部分来确定下一个协议数据单元的下一个报头部分。然后,发出窥视命令以获得下一个报头部分。另外提供用于利用所储存的部分循环冗余校验摘要和剩余数据来执行循环冗余校验的技术。

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Contents Foreword 7 1 Scope 8 2 References 8 3 Abbreviations and Definitions 9 3.1 Abbreviations 9 3.2 Definitions 9 4 Overall Architecture and Functional Split 10 4.1 Overall Architecture 10 4.2 Functional Split 11 4.3 Network Interfaces 13 4.3.1 NG Interface 13 4.3.1.1 NG User Plane 13 4.3.1.2 NG Control Plane 13 4.3.2 Xn Interface 14 4.3.2.1 Xn User Plane 14 4.3.2.2 Xn Control Plane 14 4.4 Radio Protocol Architecture 15 4.4.1 User Plane 15 4.4.2 Control Plane 15 4.5 Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity 16 5 Physical Layer 16 5.1 Waveform, numerology and frame structure 16 5.2 Downlink 17 5.2.1 Downlink transmission scheme 17 5.2.2 Physical-layer processing for physical downlink shared channel 17 5.2.3 Physical downlink control channels 18 5.2.4 Synchronization signal and PBCH 18 5.2.5 Physical layer procedures 19 5.2.5.1 Link adaptation 19 5.2.5.2 Power Control 19 5.2.5.3 Cell search 19 5.2.5.4 HARQ 19 5.3 Uplink 19 5.3.1 Uplink transmission scheme 19 5.3.2 Physical-layer processing for physical uplink shared channel 19 5.3.3 Physical uplink control channel 20 5.3.4 Random access 21 5.3.5 Physical layer procedures 21 5.3.5.1 Link adaptation 21 5.3.5.2 Uplink Power control 21 5.3.5.3 Uplink timing control 21 5.3.5.4 HARQ 21 5.4 Carrier aggregation 21 5.4.1 Carrier aggregation 21 5.4.2 Supplemental Uplink 22 5.5 Transport Channels 22 6 Layer 2 23 6.1 Overview 23 6.2 MAC Sublayer 24 6.2.1 Services and Functions 24 6.2.2 Logical Channels 25 6.2.3 Mapping to Transport Channels 25 6.2.4 HARQ 25 6.3 RLC Sublayer 25 6.3.1 Transmission Modes 25 6.3.2 Services and Functions 26 6.3.3 ARQ 26 6.4 PDCP Sublayer 26 6.4.1 Services and Functions 26 6.5 SDAP Sublayer 27 6.6 L2 Data Flow 27 6.7 Carrier Aggregation 27 6.8 Dual Connectivity 29 6.9 Supplementary Uplink 29 6.10 Bandwidth Adaptation 29 7 RRC 30 7.1 Services and Functions 30 7.2 Protocol States 31 7.3 System Information Handling 31 7.4 Access Control 32 7.5 UE Capability Retrieval framework 32 7.6 Transport of NAS Messages 33 7.7 Carrier Aggregation 33 7.8 Bandwidth Adaptation 33 8 NG Identities 33 8.1 UE Identities 33 8.2 Network Identities 33 9 Mobility and State Transitions 34 9.1 Overview 34 9.2 Intra-NR 34 9.2.1 Mobility in RRC_IDLE 34 9.2.1.1 Cell Selection 34 9.2.1.2 Cell Reselection 35 9.2.2 Mobility in RRC_INACTIVE 35 9.2.2.1 Overview 35 9.2.2.2 Cell Reselection 36 9.2.2.3 RAN-Based Notification Area 36 9.2.2.4 State Transitions 37 9.2.2.4.1 UE triggered transition from RRC_INACTIVE to RRC_CONNECTED 37 9.2.2.4.2 Network triggered transition from RRC_INACTIVE to RRC_CONNECTED 37 9.2.2.5 RNA update 38 9.2.3 Mobility in RRC_CONNECTED 38 9.2.3.1 Overview 38 9.2.3.2 Handover 39 9.2.3.2.1 C-Plane Handling 39 9.2.3.2.2 U-Plane Handling 41 9.2.4 Measurements 41 9.2.5 Paging 43 9.2.6 Random Access Procedure 43 9.2.7 Radio Link Failure 44 9.3 Inter RAT 44 9.3.1 Intra 5GC 44 9.3.1.1 Cell Reselection 44 9.3.1.2 Handover 45 9.3.1.3 Measurements 45 9.3.2 From 5GC to EPC 45 9.3.2.1 Cell Reselection 45 9.3.2.2 Handover 45 9.3.2.3 Measurements 45 9.3.2.4 Data Forwarding 45 9.4 Roaming and Access Restrictions 46 10 Scheduling 46 10.1 Basic Scheduler Operation 46 10.2 Downlink Scheduling 46 10.3 Uplink Scheduling 47 10.4 Measurements to Support Scheduler Operation 47 10.5 Rate Control 47 10.5.1 Downlink 47 10.5.2 Uplink 48 10.6 Activation/Deactivation Mechanism 48 11 UE Power Saving 48 12 QoS 49 13 Security 50 13.1 Overview and Principles 50 13.2 Security Termination Points 51 13.3 State Transitions and Mobility 51 14 UE Capabilities 51 15 Self-Configuration and Self-Optimisation 51 15.1 Definitions 51 15.2 UE Support for self-configuration and self-optimisation 51 15.3 Self-configuration 52 15.3.1 Dynamic configuration of the NG-C interface 52 15.3.1.1 Prerequisites 52 15.3.1.2 SCTP initialization 52 15.3.1.3 Application layer initialization 52 15.3.2 Dynamic Configuration of the Xn interface 52 15.3.2.1 Prerequisites 52 15.3.2.2 SCTP initialization 52 15.3.2.3 Application layer initialization 52 15.3.3 Automatic Neighbour Cell Relation Function 52 15.3.3.1 General 52 15.3.3.2 Intra-system – intra NR Automatic Neighbour Cell Relation Function 52 15.3.3.3 Intra-system – intra E-UTRA Automatic Neighbour Cell Relation Function 53 15.3.3.4 Intra-system – inter RAT Automatic Neighbour Cell Relation Function 53 15.3.3.5 Inter-system Automatic Neighbour Cell Relation Function 53 15.3.4 Xn-C TNL address discovery 53 16 Verticals Support 53 16.1 URLLC 53 16.1.1 Overview 53 16.1.2 LCP Restrictions 53 16.1.3 Packet Duplication 53 16.2 IMS Voice 54 16.3 Network Slicing 54 16.3.1 General Principles and Requirements 54 16.3.2 CN Instance and NW Slice Selection 55 16.3.2.1 CN-RAN interaction and internal RAN aspects 55 16.3.2.2 Radio Interface Aspects 55 16.3.3 Resource Isolation and Management 55 16.3.4 Signalling Aspects 56 16.3.4.1 General 56 16.3.4.2 CN Instance and NW Slice Selection 56 16.3.4.3 UE Context Handling 56 16.3.4.4 PDU Session Handling 57 16.3.4.5 Mobility 58 16.4 Public Warning System 59 Annex A (informative): QoS Handling in RAN 60 A.1 PDU Session Establishment 60 A.2 New QoS Flow without Explicit Signalling 60 A.3 New QoS Flow with NAS Reflective QoS and Explicit RRC Signalling 61 A.4 New QoS Flow with Explicit Signalling 62 A.5 Release of QoS Flow with Explicit Signalling 63 A.6 UE Initiated UL QoS Flow 64 Annex B (informative): Deployment Scenarios 66 B.1 Supplementary Uplink 66 Annex C (informative): Change history 67
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