RSA加解密(Java实战)
maven加载依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.15</version>
</dependency>
代码
package com.lius.sso.ssoserver.utils;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.HashMap;
/**
* name:
* auth: lius
* description:
* date:2022-11-07 10:05
**/
public class RSAUtils {
/**
* RSA最大加密明文大小
*/
private static final int MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK = 117;
/**
* RSA最大解密密文大小
*/
private static final int MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK = 128;
private static final String ALGORITHM_NAME = "RSA";
private static final String MD5_RSA = "MD5withRSA";
/**
* 获取密钥对
*/
public static KeyPair getKeyPair() throws Exception {
KeyPairGenerator generator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(ALGORITHM_NAME);
generator.initialize(1024);
return generator.generateKeyPair();
}
/**
* 获取base64加密后密钥对
*/
public static HashMap<String, String> getKeyPairMap() throws Exception {
KeyPairGenerator generator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(ALGORITHM_NAME);
generator.initialize(1024);
KeyPair keyPair = generator.generateKeyPair();
String privateKey = new String(Base64.encodeBase64(keyPair.getPrivate().getEncoded()));
String publicKey = new String(Base64.encodeBase64(keyPair.getPublic().getEncoded()));
HashMap<String, String> keyMap = new HashMap<>();
keyMap.put("privateKey", privateKey);
keyMap.put("publicKey", publicKey);
return keyMap;
}
/**
* 获取公钥
*
* @param publicKey base64加密的公钥字符串
*/
public static PublicKey getPublicKey(String publicKey) throws Exception {
byte[] decodedKey = Base64.decodeBase64(publicKey.getBytes());
X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(decodedKey);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(ALGORITHM_NAME);
return keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
}
/**
* RSA加密
*
* @param data 待加密数据
* @param publicKey 公钥
*/
public static String encrypt(String data, PublicKey publicKey) throws Exception {
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM_NAME);
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
int inputLen = data.getBytes().length;
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int offset = 0;
byte[] cache;
int i = 0;
// 对数据分段加密
while (inputLen - offset > 0) {
if (inputLen - offset > MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK) {
cache = cipher.doFinal(data.getBytes(), offset, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK);
} else {
cache = cipher.doFinal(data.getBytes(), offset, inputLen - offset);
}
out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
i++;
offset = i * MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK;
}
byte[] encryptedData = out.toByteArray();
out.close();
// 获取加密内容使用base64进行编码,并以UTF-8为标准转化成字符串
// 加密后的字符串
return new String(Base64.encodeBase64(encryptedData));
}
/**
* 获取私钥
*
* @param privateKey base64加密的私钥字符串
*/
public static PrivateKey getPrivateKey(String privateKey) throws Exception {
byte[] decodedKey = Base64.decodeBase64(privateKey.getBytes());
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decodedKey);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(ALGORITHM_NAME);
return keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);
}
/**
* RSA解密
*
* @param data 待解密数据
* @param privateKey 私钥
*/
public static String decrypt(String data, PrivateKey privateKey) throws Exception {
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM_NAME);
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
byte[] dataBytes = Base64.decodeBase64(data);
int inputLen = dataBytes.length;
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int offset = 0;
byte[] cache;
int i = 0;
// 对数据分段解密
while (inputLen - offset > 0) {
if (inputLen - offset > MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK) {
cache = cipher.doFinal(dataBytes, offset, MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK);
} else {
cache = cipher.doFinal(dataBytes, offset, inputLen - offset);
}
out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
i++;
offset = i * MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK;
}
byte[] decryptedData = out.toByteArray();
out.close();
// 解密后的内容
return new String(decryptedData, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
}
/**
* 签名
*
* @param data 待签名数据
* @param privateKey 私钥
*/
public static String sign(String data, PrivateKey privateKey) throws Exception {
byte[] keyBytes = privateKey.getEncoded();
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(ALGORITHM_NAME);
PrivateKey key = keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);
Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(MD5_RSA);
signature.initSign(key);
signature.update(data.getBytes());
return new String(Base64.encodeBase64(signature.sign()));
}
/**
* 验签
*
* @param srcData 原始字符串
* @param publicKey 公钥
* @param sign 签名
*/
public static boolean verify(String srcData, PublicKey publicKey, String sign) throws Exception {
byte[] keyBytes = publicKey.getEncoded();
X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(ALGORITHM_NAME);
PublicKey key = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(MD5_RSA);
signature.initVerify(key);
signature.update(srcData.getBytes());
return signature.verify(Base64.decodeBase64(sign.getBytes()));
}
}
测试
package com.lius.sso.ssoserver;
import java.util.HashMap;
import static com.lius.sso.ssoserver.utils.RSAUtils.*;
/**
* name:
* auth: lius
* description:
* date:2022-11-07 10:06
**/
public class RsaTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// 生成密钥对
//KeyPair keyPair = getKeyPair();
//String privateKey = new String(Base64.encodeBase64(keyPair.getPrivate().getEncoded()));
//String publicKey = new String(Base64.encodeBase64(keyPair.getPublic().getEncoded()));
//System.out.println("私钥 => " + privateKey + "\n");
//System.out.println("公钥 =>" + publicKey + "\n");
HashMap<String, String> keyPairMap = getKeyPairMap();
String privateKey = keyPairMap.get("privateKey");
String publicKey = keyPairMap.get("publicKey");
System.out.println("私钥 => " + privateKey + "\n");
System.out.println("公钥 =>" + publicKey + "\n");
// RSA加密
//String data = "123456";
String data = "123456111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111";
String encryptData = encrypt(data, getPublicKey(publicKey));
System.out.println("加密后内容 => " + encryptData + "\n");
// RSA解密
String decryptData = decrypt(encryptData, getPrivateKey(privateKey));
System.out.println("解密后内容 => " + decryptData + "\n");
// RSA签名
String sign = sign(data, getPrivateKey(privateKey));
// RSA验签
boolean result = verify(data, getPublicKey(publicKey), sign);
System.out.println("验签结果 => " + result + "\n");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.err.println("RSA加解密异常");
}
}
}