一、barrier介绍
barrier单词的意思是障碍物、屏障。就像它的字面意思一样,barrier为多线程提供了一种同步行动的机制,就像是短跑比赛,只有选手到齐了才能开始一样,调用pthread_barrier_wait来进行等待的线程必须达到预先设定的数量之后,所有调用pthread_barrier_wait的线程才能继续往后运行。
二、相关函数
#include <pthread.h>
int pthread_barrier_init(pthread_barrier_t *restrict barrier, const pthread_barrierattr_t *restrict attr, unsigned count);
参数:
barrier: barrier对象地址
attr: barrier的属性对象,可通过该对象给barrier设置属性
count: 要等待的个数,只有pthread_barrier_wait调用的次数达到了count,所有调用pthread_barrier_wait的代码才可以继续执行。
int pthread_barrier_wait(pthread_barrier_t *barrier);
参数:
barrier: 要等待的barrier
int pthread_barrier_destroy(pthread_barrier_t *barrier);
参数:
barrier: 要销毁的barrier
示例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>
pthread_t tid1, tid2;
pthread_barrier_t barrier;
void *thread1(void *arg)
{
printf("thread1 start!\n");
printf("thread1 wait barrier\n");
pthread_barrier_wait(&barrier);
printf("thread1 barrier wait OK!\n");
pthread_exit((void *)11);
}
void *thread2(void *arg)
{
printf("thread2 start!\n");
printf("thread2 wait barrier\n");
pthread_barrier_wait(&barrier);
printf("thread2 barrier wait OK!\n");
pthread_exit((void *)12);
}
int main(void)
{
int ret;
ret = pthread_barrier_init(&barrier, NULL, 3);
if (ret != 0) {
perror("pthread_barrier_init");
return -1;
}
pthread_create(&tid1, NULL, thread1, NULL);
pthread_create(&tid2, NULL, thread2, NULL);
printf("main thread wait barrier after 3 sec\n");
sleep(3);
pthread_barrier_wait(&barrier);
printf("main thread wait barrier OK!\n");
pthread_join(tid1, NULL);
pthread_join(tid2, NULL);
pthread_barrier_destroy(&barrier);
return 0;
}
运行结果:
$ sudo ./pthread_barrier_demo
main thread wait barrier after 3 sec
thread1 start!
thread1 wait barrier
thread2 start!
thread2 wait barrier
(三秒后)
main thread wait barrier OK!
thread1 barrier wait OK!
thread2 barrier wait OK!
如上:
可以看到在主线程sleep 3秒后,调用了最后一个pthread_barrier_wait,此时,所有调用pthread_barrier_wait的线程同步运行,至于条件到达时,哪个线程先运行则是不确定的。