@Value和@ConfigurationProperties

 @Value

 @Value("${student.age:18}")

@ConfigurationProperties 

class:
  classroom: 501
  student:
    name: murphy
    age: 25

@Data
public class Student {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
}

@Data
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "class")
public class StudentProperties {
    private String classroom;
    private Student student = new Student();
}

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class TestController {
    @Autowired
    private StudentProperties studentProperties;

    @org.junit.Test
    public void test() {
        System.out.println(studentProperties.getStudent().getAge());
        System.out.println(studentProperties.getStudent().getName());
        System.out.println(studentProperties.getClassroom());
    }
}