docker安装Nginx

一、获取镜像

 docker search nginx  
 docker pull nginx 

二、创建本地目录映射nginx部分目录作数据卷

# 创建目录
mkdir -p /data/nginx/{conf,html,log}
# 创建配置文件
cp /data/nginx/conf
vim nginx.conf
#内容如下（按自己的需求配置好）：

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

#创建个可访问的文件
cd /data/nginx/html
cat > index.html <<EOF
hello !
nginx部署成功了
EOF

三、启动

 docker run \
   --name snd_nginx \
    -d -p 30000:80 \
    -v /data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
    -v /data/nginx/log:/var/log/nginx \
    -v /data/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html \
    --restart=always\
    nginx:latest
 # --name 容器名称
 # -d 后台运行
 # -p 端口映射 本地:容器
 # -v 数据卷  本地:容器   
 # --restart=always  容器重启策略 

四、访问

http://localhost:30000/

五、问题

1、中文乱码

#在server块或 http块中添加 charset=utf-8
http{
...
charset utf-8;
...
}
#或
server{
...
charset utf-8;
...
}

2、vim/vi 修改了nginx.conf 同步不到容器中

#对nginx.conf 开放最大权限
chmod +777 /data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

3、清除缓存

docker exec -it snd_nginx rm -rf /var/cache/nginx/*

4、重新加载配置

#修改配置后需要执行该命令
docker exec -it snd_nginx nginx -s reload