理解性能的奥秘——应用程序中慢,SSMS中快(4)收集解决参数嗅探问题的信息...

---从计划缓存中直接获取查询计划和参数:
DECLARE @dbname NVARCHAR(256),  
    @procname NVARCHAR(256)  
  
SELECT @dbname = 'hydee_连锁',  
    @procname = 'dbo.p_select_ware';  
  
WITH basedata  
AS (  
    SELECT qs.statement_start_offset / 2 AS stmt_start,  
        qs.statement_end_offset / 2 AS stmt_end,  
        est.encrypted AS isencrypted,  
        est.TEXT AS sqltext,  
        epa.value AS set_options,  
        qp.query_plan,  
        charindex('<ParameterList>', qp.query_plan) + len('<ParameterList>') AS paramstart,  
        charindex('</ParameterList>', qp.query_plan) AS paramend  
    FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats qs  
    CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(qs.sql_handle) est  
    CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_text_query_plan(qs.plan_handle, qs.statement_start_offset, qs.statement_end_offset) qp  
    CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_plan_attributes(qs.plan_handle) epa  
    WHERE est.objectid = object_id(@procname)  
        AND est.dbid = db_id(@dbname)  
        AND epa.attribute = 'set_options'  
    ),  
next_level  
AS (  
    SELECT stmt_start,  
        set_options,  
        query_plan,  
        CASE   
            WHEN isencrypted = 1  
                THEN '-- ENCRYPTED'  
            WHEN stmt_start >= 0  
                THEN substring(sqltext, stmt_start + 1, CASE stmt_end  
                            WHEN 0  
                                THEN datalength(sqltext)  
                            ELSE stmt_end - stmt_start + 1  
                            END)  
            END AS Statement,  
        CASE   
            WHEN paramend > paramstart  
                THEN CAST(substring(query_plan, paramstart, paramend - paramstart) AS XML)  
            END AS params  
    FROM basedata  
    )  
SELECT set_options AS [SET],  
    n.stmt_start AS Pos,  
    n.Statement,  
    CR.c.value('@Column', 'nvarchar(128)') AS Parameter,  
    CR.c.value('@ParameterCompiledValue', 'nvarchar(128)') AS [Sniffed Value],  
    CAST(query_plan AS XML) AS [Query plan]  
FROM next_level n  
CROSS APPLY n.params.nodes('ColumnReference') AS CR(c)  
ORDER BY n.set_options,  
    n.stmt_start,  
    Parameter  
    
--获取表和索引的定义:
DECLARE @tbl NVARCHAR(265)  
  
SELECT @tbl = 'u_ware'  
  
SELECT o.NAME,  
    i.index_id,  
    i.NAME,  
    i.type_desc,  
    substring(ikey.cols, 3, len(ikey.cols)) AS key_cols,  
    substring(inc.cols, 3, len(inc.cols)) AS included_cols,  
    stats_date(o.object_id, i.index_id) AS stats_date,  
    i.filter_definition  
FROM sys.objects o  
JOIN sys.indexes i  
    ON i.object_id = o.object_id  
CROSS APPLY (  
    SELECT ', ' + c.NAME + CASE ic.is_descending_key  
            WHEN 1  
                THEN ' DESC'  
            ELSE ''  
            END  
    FROM sys.index_columns ic  
    JOIN sys.columns c  
        ON ic.object_id = c.object_id  
            AND ic.column_id = c.column_id  
    WHERE ic.object_id = i.object_id  
        AND ic.index_id = i.index_id  
        AND ic.is_included_column = 0  
    ORDER BY ic.key_ordinal  
    FOR XML PATH('')  
    ) AS ikey(cols)  
OUTER APPLY (  
    SELECT ', ' + c.NAME  
    FROM sys.index_columns ic  
    JOIN sys.columns c  
        ON ic.object_id = c.object_id  
            AND ic.column_id = c.column_id  
    WHERE ic.object_id = i.object_id  
        AND ic.index_id = i.index_id  
        AND ic.is_included_column = 1  
    ORDER BY ic.index_column_id  
    FOR XML PATH('')  
    ) AS inc(cols)  
WHERE o.NAME = @tbl  
    AND i.type IN (  
        1,  
        2  
        )  
ORDER BY o.NAME,  
    i.index_id  
    
---获取统计信息相关信息:
DECLARE @tbl NVARCHAR(265)  
  
SELECT @tbl = 'u_ware'  
  
SELECT o.NAME,  
    s.stats_id,  
    s.NAME,  
    s.auto_created,  
    s.user_created,  
    substring(scols.cols, 3, len(scols.cols)) AS stat_cols,  
    stats_date(o.object_id, s.stats_id) AS stats_date,  
    s.filter_definition  
FROM sys.objects o  
JOIN sys.stats s  
    ON s.object_id = o.object_id  
CROSS APPLY (  
    SELECT ', ' + c.NAME  
    FROM sys.stats_columns sc  
    JOIN sys.columns c  
        ON sc.object_id = c.object_id  
            AND sc.column_id = c.column_id  
    WHERE sc.object_id = s.object_id  
        AND sc.stats_id = s.stats_id  
    ORDER BY sc.stats_column_id  
    FOR XML PATH('')  
    ) AS scols(cols)  
WHERE o.NAME = @tbl  
ORDER BY o.NAME,  
    s.stats_id  
/*
其中列stats_date返回统计信息最近更新时间。如果这个时间已经过去很久,那么统计信息可能已经过时。
参数嗅探问题的根源通常不是统计信息过时,但是也应该检查一下。
需要记住的是,统计信息的列如果是单调递增——如ID、date列,那么会很快过时,因为语句通常获取最近插入的数据,
在统计信息的直方图中,记录的却通常是旧的数据*/
--如果你认为统计信息过时,可以执行下面语句:
UPDATE STATISTICS 表名 WITH FULLSCAN, INDEX  
--除了更新表上的全部索引,也可以用下面语句更新某个索引:
UPDATE STATISTICS tbl indexname WITH FULLSCAN  

--为了检查索引的统计信息情况,可以使用DBCC SHOW_STATITICS命令。
--这个命令需要两个参数,第一个是表名,第二个参数是索引或统计信息的名称,但是第二个参数也可以是列名,比如:
DBCC SHOW_STATISTICS (Orders, OrderDate)  

DBCC SHOW_STATISTICS ('u_ware', PK__u_ware__0A1E72EE)  

动态管理视图和函数笔记-sql server 2005的一些动态函数
 
 动态管理视图和函数返回可用于监视服务器实例的运行状况、诊断故障以及优化性能的服务器状态信息。
1、与执行有关的动态管理视图和函数:
(*)sys.dm_exec_sessions: 是服务器范围的视图,显示了有关所有活动用户连接和内部任务的信息。此信息包含客户端版本、客户端程序名称、客户端登录时间、登录用户、当前会话设置等。
(*)sys.dm_exec_requests :返回有关在 SQL Server 中执行的每个请求的信息。
(*)sys.dm_exec_connections:返回与 SQL Server 实例建立的连接有关的信息以及每个连接的详细信息。
(*)sys.dm_exec_cursors:返回有关在各种数据库中打开的游标的信息。
比如;select * from sys.dm_exec_cursors(0)
(*)sys.dm_exec_sql_text :返回由指定的 sql_handle 标识的 SQL 批处理的文本。
比如:select sql_text.*  from sys.dm_exec_requests CROSS APPLY(SELECT * FROM sys.dm_exec_sql_text(sys.dm_exec_requests.sql_handle)) sql_text
sys.dm_exec_background_job_queue:对计划异步(后台)执行的每个查询处理器作业返回一行。
sys.dm_exec_background_job_queue_stats:对于每个为异步(后台)执行而提交的查询处理器作业,相应地返回一行,以提供聚合统计信息。
(*)sys.dm_exec_cached_plans :针对 SQL Server 为了加快查询执行而缓存的每个查询计划返回一行。
比如:select sql_text.* from sys.dm_exec_cached_plans  CROSS APPLY( SELECT * FROM sys.dm_exec_sql_text(sys.dm_exec_cached_plans.plan_handle)) sql_text
sys.dm_exec_plan_attributes:针对计划句柄所指定计划的每个计划属性返回一行。
比如:select * from sys.dm_exec_plan_attributes(0x05000500AEB9A870B881125A000000000000000000000000)
sys.dm_exec_text_query_plan:为 Transact-SQL 批查询或批查询中的特定语句返回文本格式的显示计划。
sys.dm_exec_query_plan:以 XML 格式返回计划句柄指定的批查询的显示计划。计划句柄指定的计划可以处于缓存或正在执行状态。
比如:select * from sys.dm_exec_query_plan(0x05000500AEB9A870B881125A000000000000000000000000)
(*)sys.dm_exec_query_stats :返回缓存查询计划的聚合性能统计信息。
 
2、与索引有关的动态管理视图和函数
(*)sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats:返回不同类型索引操作的计数以及上次执行每种操作的时间。
sys.dm_db_index_operational_stats :返回数据库中表或索引的每个分区的当前低级 I/O、锁定、闩锁和访问方法活动。
(*)sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats :返回指定表或视图的数据和索引的大小和碎片信息。
sys.dm_db_missing_index_columns:返回与缺少索引(不包括空间索引)的数据库表列有关的信息。
(*)sys.dm_db_missing_index_details:返回有关缺失索引的详细信息,不包括空间索引。
sys.dm_db_missing_index_groups:返回有关特定缺失索引组中包含的缺失索引(不包括空间索引)的信息
sys.dm_db_missing_index_group_stats: 返回有关缺失索引组的摘要信息,
 
3、与 I/O 有关的动态管理视图和函数:
sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats:返回数据和日志文件的 I/O 统计信息。
比如:SELECT * FROM sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(db_id('taobao'),null)
sys.dm_io_pending_io_requests:对于 SQL Server 中每个挂起的 I/O 请求,返回与其对应的一行。
sys.dm_io_cluster_shared_drives:如果当前服务器实例为群集服务器,则此视图返回每个共享驱动器的名称。如果当前服务器实例不是群集实例,则返回空行集。
sys.dm_io_backup_tapes:返回磁带设备的列表和用于备份的装入请求的状态。
 
 
4、与数据库有关的动态管理视图:
sys.dm_db_file_space_usage:返回数据库中每个文件的空间使用信息。该视图只适用于 tempdb 数据库。
sys.dm_db_partition_stats:返回当前数据库中每个分区的页和行计数信息。
比如:SELECT * FROM sys.dm_db_partition_stats  WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID('taobaoitem_0003');
sys.dm_db_session_space_usage:返回每个会话为数据库分配和释放的页数。该视图只适用于 tempdb 数据库
sys.dm_db_task_space_usage:返回数据库任务所执行的页分配和释放活动。该视图只适用于 tempdb 数据库
5、与事务有关的动态管理视图和函数
(*)sys.dm_tran_locks:返回有关当前活动的锁管理器资源的信息。
sys.dm_tran_database_transactions:返回有关数据库级的事务的信息。
sys.dm_tran_session_transactions:返回关联事务和会话的相关信息。
所有对象:
SELECT name, object_id, principal_id, schema_id, parent_object_id, type, type_desc, 
      create_date, modify_date, is_ms_shipped, is_published, is_schema_published
FROM sys.all_objects
ORDER BY name
索引对象:
SELECT object_id, name, index_id, type, type_desc, is_unique, data_space_id, 
      ignore_dup_key, is_primary_key, is_unique_constraint, fill_factor, is_padded, 
      is_disabled, is_hypothetical, allow_row_locks, allow_page_locks
FROM sys.indexes
索引使用情况:
SELECT database_id, object_id, index_id, user_seeks, user_scans, user_lookups, 
      user_updates, last_user_seek, last_user_scan, last_user_lookup, last_user_update, 
      system_seeks, system_scans, system_lookups, system_updates, 
      last_system_seek, last_system_scan, last_system_lookup, 
      last_system_update
FROM sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats
WHERE (database_id = DB_ID('taobao') )
某数据库下索引使用情况:
SELECT a.database_id, a.object_id, a.index_id, b.name, a.user_seeks, a.user_scans, 
      a.user_lookups, a.user_updates, a.last_user_seek, a.last_user_scan, 
      a.last_user_lookup, a.last_user_update, a.system_seeks, a.system_scans, 
      a.system_lookups, a.system_updates, a.last_system_seek, a.last_system_scan, 
      a.last_system_lookup, a.last_system_update
FROM sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats AS a INNER JOIN
      sys.indexes AS b ON a.object_id = b.object_id
WHERE (a.database_id = DB_ID('taobao'))
事务锁使用情况:
SELECT resource_type, resource_subtype, resource_database_id, resource_description, 
      resource_associated_entity_id, resource_lock_partition, request_mode, request_type, 
      request_status, request_reference_count, request_lifetime, request_session_id, 
      request_exec_context_id, request_request_id, request_owner_type, 
      request_owner_id, request_owner_guid, request_owner_lockspace_id, 
      lock_owner_address
FROM sys.dm_tran_locks
WHERE (resource_database_id = DB_ID('taobao'))
存储过程使用次数:
SELECT usecounts, text, dbid, objectid FROM
   sys.dm_exec_cached_plans cp
   CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(cp.plan_handle)
WHERE objtype = 'Proc' and (objectid=object_id('p_prom') or dbid=db_id('hydee')); 
数据库所有会话情况:
SELECT session_id, login_time, host_name, program_name, host_process_id, 
      client_version, client_interface_name, security_id, login_name, nt_domain, 
      nt_user_name, status, context_info, cpu_time, memory_usage, total_scheduled_time, 
      total_elapsed_time, endpoint_id, last_request_start_time, last_request_end_time, 
      reads, writes, logical_reads, is_user_process, text_size, language, date_format, 
      date_first, quoted_identifier, arithabort, ansi_null_dflt_on, ansi_defaults, 
      ansi_warnings, ansi_padding, ansi_nulls, concat_null_yields_null, 
      transaction_isolation_level, lock_timeout, deadlock_priority, row_count, prev_error, 
      original_security_id, original_login_name, last_successful_logon, 
      last_unsuccessful_logon, unsuccessful_logons
FROM sys.dm_exec_sessions
所有请求情况:
SELECT session_id, request_id, start_time, status, command, sql_handle, 
      statement_start_offset, statement_end_offset, plan_handle, database_id, user_id, 
      connection_id, blocking_session_id, wait_type, wait_time, last_wait_type, 
      wait_resource, open_transaction_count, open_resultset_count, transaction_id, 
      context_info, percent_complete, estimated_completion_time, cpu_time, 
      total_elapsed_time, scheduler_id, task_address, reads, writes, logical_reads, 
      text_size, language, date_format, date_first, quoted_identifier, arithabort, 
      ansi_null_dflt_on, ansi_defaults, ansi_warnings, ansi_padding, ansi_nulls, 
      concat_null_yields_null, transaction_isolation_level, lock_timeout, deadlock_priority, 
      row_count, prev_error, nest_level, granted_query_memory, 
      executing_managed_code
FROM sys.dm_exec_requests
所有连接情况:
SELECT session_id, most_recent_session_id, connect_time, net_transport, protocol_type, 
      protocol_version, endpoint_id, encrypt_option, auth_scheme, node_affinity, 
      num_reads, num_writes, last_read, last_write, net_packet_size, client_net_address, 
      client_tcp_port, local_net_address, local_tcp_port, connection_id, 
      parent_connection_id, most_recent_sql_handle
FROM sys.dm_exec_connections
所有查询情况:
SELECT sql_handle, statement_start_offset, statement_end_offset, plan_generation_num, 
      plan_handle, creation_time, last_execution_time, execution_count, total_worker_time, 
      last_worker_time, min_worker_time, max_worker_time, total_physical_reads, 
      last_physical_reads, min_physical_reads, max_physical_reads, total_logical_writes, 
      last_logical_writes, min_logical_writes, max_logical_writes, total_logical_reads, 
      last_logical_reads, min_logical_reads, max_logical_reads, total_clr_time, 
      last_clr_time, min_clr_time, max_clr_time, total_elapsed_time, last_elapsed_time, 
      min_elapsed_time, max_elapsed_time
FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats
性能统计:
SELECT object_name, counter_name, instance_name, cntr_value, cntr_type
FROM sys.dm_os_performance_counters
索引丢失情况:
SELECT index_handle, database_id, object_id, equality_columns, inequality_columns, 
      included_columns, statement
FROM sys.dm_db_missing_index_details
WHERE (database_id = DB_ID('taobao'))
锁详细信息:
SELECT SessionID = s.Session_id,resource_type,DatabaseName = DB_NAME(resource_database_id), 
request_mode,request_type,a.text,login_time,host_name,program_name,client_interface_name, 
login_name,nt_domain,nt_user_name,s.status, last_request_start_time,
last_request_end_time,s.logical_reads,s.reads,request_status,request_owner_type,objectid,dbid,a.number,
a.encrypted , a.blocking_session_id FROM  sys.dm_tran_locks l JOIN sys.dm_exec_sessions s 
ON l.request_session_id = s.session_id LEFT JOIN (SELECT  * FROM    sys.dm_exec_requests r  
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(sql_handle)) a ON s.session_id = a.session_id    
WHERE   s.session_id > 50
查询阻塞情况:
SELECT
 blocked_query.session_id AS blocked_session_id,
 blocking_query.session_id AS blocking_session_id,
 sql_text.text AS blocking_text,
 waits.wait_type AS blocking_resource
 FROM sys.dm_exec_requests blocked_query 
 JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests blocking_query ON 
 blocked_query.blocking_session_id = blocking_query.session_id 
 CROSS APPLY
 (
 SELECT * FROM sys.dm_exec_sql_text(blocking_query.sql_handle)
 ) sql_text
 JOIN sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks waits ON
 waits.session_id = blocking_query.session_id

 

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