httpclient使用

Apache HttpClient 的拦截器主要有两种类型：

1. 请求拦截器（HttpRequestInterceptor）：在请求发送之前拦截和处理请求。
2. 响应拦截器（HttpResponseInterceptor）：在响应接收之后拦截和处理响应。

我们可以实现一个自定义的 HttpRequestInterceptor 来读取请求体并计算签名。以下是一个示例，展示了如何通过请求拦截器读取请求体并计算签名。

示例：通过拦截器读取请求体并计算签名

1. 实现自定义的 HttpRequestInterceptor

import org.apache.http.HttpException;
import org.apache.http.HttpRequest;
import org.apache.http.HttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class SignatureHttpRequestInterceptor implements HttpRequestInterceptor {
    @Override
    public void process(HttpRequest request, HttpContext context) throws HttpException, IOException {
        if (request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase) {
            HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase entityRequest = (HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase) request;
            if (entityRequest.getEntity() != null) {
                InputStream inputStream = entityRequest.getEntity().getContent();
                byte[] bodyBytes = toByteArray(inputStream);

                // 计算签名（示例）
                String signature = calculateSignature(bodyBytes);
                
                // 将签名添加到请求头（示例）
                request.addHeader("Signature", signature);
            }
        }
    }

    private byte[] toByteArray(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream buffer = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int nRead;
        byte[] data = new byte[1024];
        while ((nRead = inputStream.read(data, 0, data.length)) != -1) {
            buffer.write(data, 0, nRead);
        }
        buffer.flush();
        return buffer.toByteArray();
    }

    private String calculateSignature(byte[] data) {
        // 这里实现签名计算逻辑（示例使用简单的哈希计算）
        // 实际应用中应该使用更复杂的签名算法
        return Integer.toHexString(java.util.Arrays.hashCode(data));
    }
}

2. 将自定义拦截器添加到 HttpClient

import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

public class HttpClientWithInterceptor {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 创建 HttpClientBuilder
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
            .addInterceptorFirst(new SignatureHttpRequestInterceptor())
            .build();

        // 使用 httpClient 执行请求
        // 示例中省略了请求的创建和执行逻辑
    }
}

3. 创建并执行 HTTP 请求

import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class HttpClientWithInterceptor {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 创建 HttpClientBuilder
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
            .addInterceptorFirst(new SignatureHttpRequestInterceptor())
            .build();

        // 创建 HttpPost 请求
        HttpPost postRequest = new HttpPost("http://example.com/api");
        StringEntity entity = new StringEntity("{\"key\":\"value\"}");
        postRequest.setEntity(entity);
        postRequest.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");

        // 执行请求并获取响应
        try (CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(postRequest)) {
            int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            String responseBody = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());

            System.out.println("Response Status: " + statusCode);
            System.out.println("Response Body: " + responseBody);
        }
    }
}

总结

通过自定义 HttpRequestInterceptor，我们可以在请求发送之前读取请求体并进行签名计算，然后将签名添加到请求头中。上述示例展示了如何实现和使用这种拦截器。

在实际应用中，签名计算的逻辑可能更加复杂，需要结合具体的需求进行实现。同时，Apache HttpClient 提供的拦截器机制非常灵活，可以用于多种场景下的请求和响应处理。