第三章 xv-6内核地址空间

xv-6的内核地址空间如上图所示，接下来从源码与图片一一对应，因为有一些内容涉及后面的章节，此处先不做介绍。xv-6的内核内存分布常量定义在kernel/memlayout.h中。

// Physical memory layout

// qemu -machine virt is set up like this,
// based on qemu's hw/riscv/virt.c:
//
// 00001000 -- boot ROM, provided by qemu
// 02000000 -- CLINT
// 0C000000 -- PLIC
// 10000000 -- uart0 
// 10001000 -- virtio disk 
// 80000000 -- boot ROM jumps here in machine mode
//             -kernel loads the kernel here
// unused RAM after 80000000.

// the kernel uses physical memory thus:
// 80000000 -- entry.S, then kernel text and data
// end -- start of kernel page allocation area
// PHYSTOP -- end RAM used by the kernel

// qemu puts UART registers here in physical memory.
#define UART0 0x10000000L	//从下到上第二个地址
#define UART0_IRQ 10

// virtio mmio interface
#define VIRTIO0 0x10001000	//这里对应图中绿色部分中的一块，后面章节涉及，与物理内存是直接映射的
#define VIRTIO0_IRQ 1

// core local interruptor (CLINT), which contains the timer.
#define CLINT 0x2000000L	//这里对应图中绿色部分中的一块，后面章节涉及
#define CLINT_MTIMECMP(hartid) (CLINT + 0x4000 + 8*(hartid))
#define CLINT_MTIME (CLINT + 0xBFF8) // cycles since boot.

// qemu puts platform-level interrupt controller (PLIC) here.
#define PLIC 0x0c000000L	//这里对应图中绿色部分中的一块，后面章节涉及
#define PLIC_PRIORITY (PLIC + 0x0)
#define PLIC_PENDING (PLIC + 0x1000)
#define PLIC_MENABLE(hart) (PLIC + 0x2000 + (hart)*0x100)
#define PLIC_SENABLE(hart) (PLIC + 0x2080 + (hart)*0x100)
#define PLIC_MPRIORITY(hart) (PLIC + 0x200000 + (hart)*0x2000)
#define PLIC_SPRIORITY(hart) (PLIC + 0x201000 + (hart)*0x2000)
#define PLIC_MCLAIM(hart) (PLIC + 0x200004 + (hart)*0x2000)
#define PLIC_SCLAIM(hart) (PLIC + 0x201004 + (hart)*0x2000)

// the kernel expects there to be RAM	
// for use by the kernel and user pages
// from physical address 0x80000000 to PHYSTOP.
#define KERNBASE 0x80000000L	//对应图中黄色部分
#define PHYSTOP (KERNBASE + 128*1024*1024)

// map the trampoline page to the highest address,
// in both user and kernel space.	
#define TRAMPOLINE (MAXVA - PGSIZE)	//图中紫色部分，trampoline占一个页面大小（4KB）

// map kernel stacks beneath the trampoline,
// each surrounded by invalid guard pages.	
#define KSTACK(p) (TRAMPOLINE - ((p)+1)* 2*PGSIZE)	//在trampline下面设置内核进程栈，除了trampline的4KB，还有保护页的4KB

// User memory layout.
// Address zero first:
//   text
//   original data and bss
//   fixed-size stack
//   expandable heap
//   ...
//   TRAPFRAME (p->trapframe, used by the trampoline)
//   TRAMPOLINE (the same page as in the kernel)
#define TRAPFRAME (TRAMPOLINE - PGSIZE)	//对应trampline在虚拟地址空间中的起始地址

粗略的定义就是这样了。