文章目录
- 前言
- 一、创建父工程Project:microservicecloud
- 三、新建公共子模块Module:microservicecloud-api
- 四、新建部门微服务提供者Module:microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001
- 1.新建microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001
- 2.修改pom文件
- 3.Yml配置文件
- 4.工程src/main/resources目录下新建mybatis文件夹后新建mybatis.cfg.xml文件
- 5.MySQL创建部门数据库脚本
- 6.DeptDao部门接口
- 7.工程src/main/resources/mybatis目录下新建mapper文件夹后再建DeptMapper.xml
- 8.DeptService部门服务接口
- 9.DeptServiceImpl部门服务接口实现类
- 10.DeptController部门微服务提供者REST
- 11.DeptProvider8001_App主启动类
- 12.测试
- 13.最终工程结构展现
- 五、新建部门微服务消费者Module:microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80
前言
想学习本博客案例,需要先看下上一篇的博客:
SpringCloud 学习一、spring cloud 微服务介绍,微服务与微服务框架介绍,从面试题开始。
因为案例的都是循序渐进的。案例的顺序:
-
微服务讲诉->
-
父工程maven的module建立和rest风格的请求->
-
eureka的学习、三大组件,服务注册与消费->
-
eureka的集群操作 ->
-
ribbon的负载均衡。
-
feign的负载均衡
-
Hystrix断路器
-
Zuul路由网关
-
SpringCloud Config分布式配置中心
-
第一篇博客已经写完,开始第二篇了。第一篇博客介绍了什么是微服务、微服务架构、springCloud全家桶,以及微服务框架springcloud与dubbo的比较。上篇文章中说到,整个微服务架构的学习,我会用一个springcloud微服务架构案例来完成,也会上传到GitHub。
-
这一篇就开始正式编码了,首先要知道,微服务是建立在Maven模块化创建项目的基础之上的。
-
本篇博客将编码Maven模块化建工程,Restful 风格请求,RestTemplate框架使用。
-
按着整个博客进行复制粘贴也是没有问题的。
一、创建父工程Project:microservicecloud
1.新建父工程,切记是Packageing是pom模式
点击next,直到finish。
项目目录:
把里面的 src目录 直接删掉即可。
2.定义POM文件,
将后续各个子模块公用的jar包等统一提出来,类似一个抽象父类。
3.Pom.xml 文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.SR1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.0.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.31</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
三、新建公共子模块Module:microservicecloud-api
1.新建microservicecloud-api
点击 next ,直到 finfish。
目录:
创建完成后请回到父工程查看pom文件变化。
里面添加了一个标签,modules:如下
<modules>
<module>microservicecloud-api</module>
</modules>
2.修改POM
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent><!-- 子类里面显示声明才能有明确的继承表现,无意外就是父类的默认版本否则自己定义 -->
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId><!-- 当前Module我自己叫什么名字 -->
<dependencies><!-- 当前Module需要用到的jar包,按自己需求添加,如果父类已经包含了,可以不用写版本号 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3.新建部门Entity且配合lombok使用
package com.atguigu.springcloud.entities;
import java.io.Serializable;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
@Accessors(chain=true)
public class Dept implements Serializable //必须序列化
{
private Long deptno; //主键
private String dname; //部门名称
private String db_source;//来自那个数据库,因为微服务架构可以一个服务对应一个数据库,同一个信息被存储到不同数据库
public Dept(String dname)
{
super();
this.dname = dname;
}
}
4.引用公共模块:microservicecloud-api
mvn clean install
打包后,便可以使用。
给其它模块引用,达到通用目的。
也即需要用到部门实体的话,不用每个工程都定义一份,直接引用本模块即可。
四、新建部门微服务提供者Module:microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001
1.新建microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001
新建方式 与 新建 microservicecloud-api 方式一样。
目录:
父工程查看pom文件变化。如下:
<modules>
<module>microservicecloud-api</module>
<module>microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001</module>
</modules>
2.修改pom文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Dept部门Entity -->
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 修改后立即生效,热部署 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3.Yml配置文件
server:
port: 8001
# mybatis 配置文件
mybatis:
config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis.cfg.xml # mybatis配置文件所在路径
type-aliases-package: com.atguigu.springcloud.entities # 所有Entity别名类所在包
mapper-locations:
- classpath:mybatis/mapper/**/*.xml # mapper映射文件
spring:
application:
name: microservicecloud-dept
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource # 当前数据源操作类型
# driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver # mysql驱动包
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cloudDB01 # 数据库名称
username: root
password: 123456
dbcp2:
min-idle: 5 # 数据库连接池的最小维持连接数
initial-size: 5 # 初始化连接数
max-total: 5 # 最大连接数
max-wait-millis: 200 # 等待连接获取的最大超时时间
4.工程src/main/resources目录下新建mybatis文件夹后新建mybatis.cfg.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<settings>
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/><!-- 二级缓存开启 -->
</settings>
</configuration>
5.MySQL创建部门数据库脚本
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS cloudDB01;
CREATE DATABASE cloudDB01 CHARACTER SET UTF8;
USE cloudDB01;
CREATE TABLE dept
(
deptno BIGINT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
dname VARCHAR(60),
db_source VARCHAR(60)
);
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('开发部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('人事部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('财务部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('市场部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('运维部',DATABASE());
SELECT * FROM dept;
6.DeptDao部门接口
package com.atguigu.springcloud.dao;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Dept;
@Mapper
public interface DeptDao
{
public boolean addDept(Dept dept);
public Dept findById(Long id);
public List<Dept> findAll();
}
7.工程src/main/resources/mybatis目录下新建mapper文件夹后再建DeptMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.atguigu.springcloud.dao.DeptDao">
<select id="findById" resultType="Dept" parameterType="Long">
select deptno,dname,db_source from dept where deptno=#{deptno};
</select>
<select id="findAll" resultType="Dept">
select deptno,dname,db_source from dept;
</select>
<insert id="addDept" parameterType="Dept">
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES(#{dname},DATABASE());
</insert>
</mapper>
8.DeptService部门服务接口
package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Dept;
public interface DeptService
{
public boolean add(Dept dept);
public Dept get(Long id);
public List<Dept> list();
}
9.DeptServiceImpl部门服务接口实现类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.service.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.dao.DeptDao;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Dept;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.DeptService;
@Service
public class DeptServiceImpl implements DeptService
{
@Autowired
private DeptDao dao ;
@Override
public boolean add(Dept dept)
{
return dao.addDept(dept);
}
@Override
public Dept get(Long id)
{
return dao.findById(id);
}
@Override
public List<Dept> list()
{
return dao.findAll();
}
}
10.DeptController部门微服务提供者REST
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Dept;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.DeptService;
@RestController
public class DeptController
{
@Autowired
private DeptService service;
@RequestMapping(value="/dept/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public boolean add(@RequestBody Dept dept)
{
return service.add(dept);
}
@RequestMapping(value="/dept/get/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{
return service.get(id);
}
@RequestMapping(value="/dept/list",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public List<Dept> list()
{
return service.list();
}
}
11.DeptProvider8001_App主启动类
package com.atguigu.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptProvider8001_App
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
SpringApplication.run(DeptProvider8001_App.class, args);
}
}
12.测试
http://localhost:8001/dept/get/2
http://localhost:8001/dept/list
13.最终工程结构展现
五、新建部门微服务消费者Module:microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80
1.新建microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80
新建microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80 module工程,方法同上,此处不再截图和详细介绍。
2.Pom文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80</artifactId>
<description>部门微服务消费者</description>
<dependencies>
<dependency><!-- 自己定义的api -->
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 修改后立即生效,热部署 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2.Yml配置文件
server:
port: 80
3.com.atguigu.springcloud.cfgbeans包下ConfigBean的编写
类似spring里面的applicationContext.xml写入的注入Bean
package com.atguigu.springcloud.cfgbeans;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class ConfigBean
{
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate()
{
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
// public UserService getUserService()
// {
// return new UserServiceImpl();
// }
// applicationContext.xml == ConfigBean(@Configuration)
//<bean id="userService" class="com.atguigu.tmall.UserServiceImpl" /> == @Bean
4. controller包下新建部门微服务消费者REST:DeptController_Consumer
1).RestTemplate 是什么
RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法,
是一种简单便捷的访问restful服务模板类,是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端模板工具集
2).官网及使用
官网地址
https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/4.3.7.RELEASE/javadoc-api/org/springframework/web/client/RestTemplate.html
使用restTemplate访问restful接口非常的简单粗暴无脑。
(url, requestMap, ResponseBean.class)这三个参数分别代表
REST请求地址、请求参数、HTTP响应转换被转换成的对象类型。
3).代码
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Dept;
@RestController
public class DeptController_Consumer
{
private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/add")
public boolean add(Dept dept)
{
return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/add", dept, Boolean.class);
}
@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{
return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/get/"+id, Dept.class);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/list")
public List<Dept> list()
{
return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX+"/dept/list", List.class);
}
}
5.DeptConsumer80_App主启动类
package com.atguigu.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptConsumer80_App
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer80_App.class, args);
}
}
6.测试
http://localhost/consumer/dept/get/2
http://localhost/consumer/dept/list
http://localhost/consumer/dept/add?dname=A