JUC之ThreadFactory学习

今天在看netty源码的时候，在netty创建NioEventLoopGroup的时候最后会用到这个类，所以就顺便学习一下这个类。
首先看到这个类不得不想起设计模式中的工厂设计模式：

工厂模式是最常用的模式之一，它可以把对象创建工作集中化，好处大家都知道：改变对象的创建方式将会变得很容易，而且可以控制创建对象的数量。

-ThreadFactory源码：

package java.util.concurrent;

/**
 * An object that creates new threads on demand.  Using thread factories
 * removes hardwiring of calls to {@link Thread#Thread(Runnable) new Thread},
 * enabling applications to use special thread subclasses, priorities, etc.
 *
 * <p>
 * The simplest implementation of this interface is just:
 *  <pre> {@code
 * class SimpleThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {
 *   public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
 *     return new Thread(r);
 *   }
 * }}</pre>
 *
 * The {@link Executors#defaultThreadFactory} method provides a more
 * useful simple implementation, that sets the created thread context
 * to known values before returning it.
 * @since 1.5
 * @author Doug Lea
 */
public interface ThreadFactory {

    /**
     * Constructs a new {@code Thread}.  Implementations may also initialize
     * priority, name, daemon status, {@code ThreadGroup}, etc.
     *
     * @param r a runnable to be executed by new thread instance
     * @return constructed thread, or {@code null} if the request to
     *         create a thread is rejected
     */
    Thread newThread(Runnable r);
}

• ThreadFactory（线程工厂接口）
  在创建线程的时候，我们当然也能使用工厂模式来生产线程，ThreadFactory是用来实现创建线程的工厂接口，其实它只有一个方法Thread newThread(Runnable r)，所以这个接口没多大用，可以自己编写新接口。
  使用ThreadFactory工厂能替代默认的new Thread，而且在自定义工厂里面，我们能创建自定义化的Thread，并且计数，或则限制创建Thread的数量，给每个Thread设置对应的好听的名字，或则其他的很多很多事情。

• 线程工厂在java并发当中的使用
  在Java中使用ThreadFactory最多应该就是Executor框架和Fork/Join框架了，使用ThreadFactory创建各种线程池中的线程。在Executor框架中，使用Executors创建线程池执行器的时候，也可以传入ThreadFactory对象，执行器将会使用该ThreadFactory对象来创建线程。 在netty中这个类被使用于executor当中。

• 使用实例
  这里举的例子来自于netty：

public class DefaultThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {

    private static final AtomicInteger poolId = new AtomicInteger();

    private final AtomicInteger nextId = new AtomicInteger();
    private final String prefix;
    private final boolean daemon;
    private final int priority;
    //ThreadGroup代表了一个线程的集合
    protected final ThreadGroup threadGroup;

    public DefaultThreadFactory(Class<?> poolType) {
        //第三个是线程的优先级    false表示不是后台执行的
        this(poolType, false, Thread.NORM_PRIORITY);
    }

    public DefaultThreadFactory(String poolName) {
        this(poolName, false, Thread.NORM_PRIORITY);
    }

    public DefaultThreadFactory(Class<?> poolType, boolean daemon) {
        this(poolType, daemon, Thread.NORM_PRIORITY);
    }

    public DefaultThreadFactory(String poolName, boolean daemon) {
        this(poolName, daemon, Thread.NORM_PRIORITY);
    }

    public DefaultThreadFactory(Class<?> poolType, int priority) {
        this(poolType, false, priority);
    }

    public DefaultThreadFactory(String poolName, int priority) {
        this(poolName, false, priority);
    }

    public DefaultThreadFactory(Class<?> poolType, boolean daemon, int priority) {
        this(toPoolName(poolType), daemon, priority);
    }

    /**
     * 将传入的类的名字进行处理之后就得到了poolname
     * 这个方法是在指定线程池的名字吧，如果不指定的话那么就会按照Thread默认的命名规则来了。
     * @param poolType
     * @return
     */
    public static String toPoolName(Class<?> poolType) {
        if (poolType == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("poolType");
        }

        String poolName = StringUtil.simpleClassName(poolType);
        switch (poolName.length()) {
            case 0:
                return "unknown";
            case 1:
                return poolName.toLowerCase(Locale.US);
            default:
                if (Character.isUpperCase(poolName.charAt(0)) && Character.isLowerCase(poolName.charAt(1))) {
                    return Character.toLowerCase(poolName.charAt(0)) + poolName.substring(1);
                } else {
                    return poolName;
                }
        }
    }

    public DefaultThreadFactory(String poolName, boolean daemon, int priority, ThreadGroup threadGroup) {
        if (poolName == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("poolName");
        }
        if (priority < Thread.MIN_PRIORITY || priority > Thread.MAX_PRIORITY) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "priority: " + priority + " (expected: Thread.MIN_PRIORITY <= priority <= Thread.MAX_PRIORITY)");
        }

        prefix = poolName + '-' + poolId.incrementAndGet() + '-';
        this.daemon = daemon;
        this.priority = priority;
        this.threadGroup = threadGroup;
    }

    public DefaultThreadFactory(String poolName, boolean daemon, int priority) {
        //System.getSecurityManager()返回java的安全管理器，如果有的话使用它所在的线程组，否则使用当前线程的线程组
        this(poolName, daemon, priority, System.getSecurityManager() == null ?
                Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup() : System.getSecurityManager().getThreadGroup());
    }

    @Override
    public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
        Thread t = newThread(FastThreadLocalRunnable.wrap(r), prefix + nextId.incrementAndGet());
        try {
            if (t.isDaemon() != daemon) {
                t.setDaemon(daemon);
            }

            if (t.getPriority() != priority) {
                t.setPriority(priority);
            }
        } catch (Exception ignored) {
            // Doesn't matter even if failed to set.
        }
        return t;
    }

    protected Thread newThread(Runnable r, String name) {
        return new FastThreadLocalThread(threadGroup, r, name);
    }
}