多线程的互斥锁和条件变量

线程间的互斥的同步一直是一个很重要的地方，在这里做个总结

所用的接口

• 创建线程的接口 返回0是成功，其他是失败

int pthread_create(pthread_t *thread, const pthread_attr_t *attr,
                          void *(*start_routine) (void *), void *arg);     

• 线程退出

void pthread_exit(void *retval);

• 线程回收 返回值为0是成功的

int pthread_join(pthread_t thread, void **retval);

• 开互斥锁和解互斥锁

int pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex);

int pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex);

• 等待条件变量和通知

int pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t * cond, pthread_mutex_t * mutex);

int  pthread_cond_broadcast (pthread_cond_t *cond) ;

int pthread_cond_signal (pthread_cond_t *cond) ;

练习题：三个线程按照顺序打印 ‘A’ ‘B’ ‘C’

#include <stdio.h>  
#include <string.h>  
#include <stdlib.h>  
#include <errno.h>  
#include <unistd.h>  
#include <pthread.h> 

#define PTHEAD_COUNT 3

char my_wait_flag = 'A';
int flag = 0;
pthread_mutex_t mutex_baiyu = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;   
pthread_cond_t cond_baiyu=PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;  


void *pthread1(void *argv)
{
    char param = (char)argv;

    for(;;){        
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex_baiyu);   
        while(param !=  my_wait_flag)  
            pthread_cond_wait(&cond_baiyu, &mutex_baiyu); 
        printf("get thread_%lu param:%c\n",pthread_self(),param);  
        if(my_wait_flag=='C')
            flag = 1;
        else
            flag = 0;
        my_wait_flag++;
        if(flag==1)
            my_wait_flag = 'A';

        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex_baiyu);  
        pthread_cond_broadcast(&cond_baiyu);  
        sleep(1);
    }
     pthread_exit(NULL);  
}

int main()  
{  
    int i = 0;  
    pthread_t tid[PTHEAD_COUNT];  
    char param[PTHEAD_COUNT] = {'A','B','C'};

    for (i = 0; i < PTHEAD_COUNT; i++)  
    {  
        pthread_create(&tid[i], NULL, pthread1, (void *)param[i]);  
    }  

    for (i = 0; i < PTHEAD_COUNT; i++)  
    {  
        pthread_join(tid[i], NULL);  
    }  
    printf("parent exit\n");
    return 0;
}  

Makefile内容：

TARGET=pthr
CC=gcc
RM=rm
cflag=-o
lflag= -lpthread -w
src = $(shell ls *.c)
put = $(patsubst %.c,%.o,$(src))

$(TARGET):$(put)
    $(CC) $(cflag)  $@ $(src) $(lflag)  

clean:
    $(RM) -rf $(TARGET) *.o

make之后执行的log：

get thread_140014711187200 param:A
get thread_140014702794496 param:B
get thread_140014694401792 param:C
get thread_140014711187200 param:A
get thread_140014702794496 param:B
get thread_140014694401792 param:C
get thread_140014711187200 param:A
get thread_140014702794496 param:B
get thread_140014694401792 param:C