例题4-3 救济金发放(The Dole Queue, UVa 133)

n(n<20)个人站成一圈,逆时针编号为1~n。有两个官员,A从1开始逆时针数,B从n开 始顺时针数。在每一轮中,官员A数k个就停下来,官员B数m个就停下来(注意有可能两个 官员停在同一个人上)。接下来被官员选中的人(1个或者2个)离开队伍。
输入n,k,m输出每轮里被选中的人的编号(如果有两个人,先输出被A选中的)。

例 如,n=10,k=4,m=3,输出为4 8, 9 5, 3 1, 2 6, 10, 7。注意:输出的每个数应当恰好占3列。

【分析】
仍然采用自顶向下的方法编写程序。用一个大小为0的数组表示人站成的圈。为了避免 人走之后移动数组元素,用0表示离开队伍的人,数数时跳过即可。主程序如下:
 

代码中取余用的很好,很巧妙;完美的实现了循环;用我们    (此时的位置+走的方向+总人数-1)%总人数 = 下一个人位置

然后循环要走几次,遇到0,就跳过,继续走,当走完固定的步数后,就得到了我们想要的那个人;

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#define Max 25
using namespace std;

int a[Max];
int n,A,B;

int Go(int id,int dir,int t)
{
    while(t--)
    {
        do
        {
            id=(id+dir+n-1)%n+1;
        }while(a[id]==0);
    }
    return id;
}

int main()
{
    scanf("%d%d%d",&n,&A,&B);
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
    {
        a[i]=i;
    }
    int left = n;
    int q=1,p=n;
    // 1为逆时针走,-1为顺时针走
    while(left)
    {
        q=Go(q,1,A-1);
        p=Go(p,-1,B-1);
        //因为我们当前站的那个位置也要数,所以只需要再走A-1或B-1步
        printf("%d",q);
        left--;
        if(q!=p)
        {
            printf("%d",p);
            left--;
        }
        a[q]=a[p]=0;
        if(left)
            printf(",");
    }
    return 0;
}

 

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用C++编写程序,实现以下问题2、题目ID Codes(POJ1146) Time Limit: 1000MS Memory Limit: 10000K 描述: It is 2084 and the year of Big Brother has finally arrived, albeit a century late. In order to exercise greater control over its citizens and thereby to counter a chronic breakdown in law and order, the Government decides on a radical measure--all citizens are to have a tiny microcomputer surgically implanted in their left wrists. This computer will contains all sorts of personal information as well as a transmitter which will allow people's movements to be logged and monitored by a central computer. (A desirable side effect of this process is that it will shorten the dole queue for plastic surgeons.) An essential component of each computer will be a unique identification code, consisting of up to 50 characters drawn from the 26 lower case letters. The set of characters for any given code is chosen somewhat haphazardly. The complicated way in which the code is imprinted into the chip makes it much easier for the manufacturer to produce codes which are rearrangements of other codes than to produce new codes with a different selection of letters. Thus, once a set of letters has been chosen all possible codes derivable from it are used before changing the set. For example, suppose it is decided that a code will contain exactly 3 occurrences of a', 2 of b' and 1 of c', then three of the allowable 60 codes under these conditions are: abaabc abaacb ababac These three codes are listed from top to bottom in alphabetic order. Among all codes generated with this set of characters, these codes appear consecutively in this order. Write a program to assist in the issuing of these identification codes. Your program will accept a sequence of no more than 50 lower case letters (which may contain repeated characters) and print the successor code if one exists or the message No Successor' if the given code is the last in the sequence for that set of characters. 输入: Input will consist of a series of lines each containing a string representing a code. The entire file will be terminated by a line consisting of a single #. 输出: Output will consist of one line for each code read containing the successor code or the words 'No Successor'. 样例输入 abaacb cbbaa # 样例输出 ababac No Successor
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05-22

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