常见的Java I/O方法

	Read	Write
Text	Reader     BufferedReader     StringReader     CharArrayReader     FileReader     …	Writer     BufferedWriter     StringWriter     CharArrayWriter     FileWriter     PrintWriter …
Binary	InputStream     FileInputStream     ByteArrayInputStream     ObjectInputStream     PipedInputStream     …	OutputStream     FileOutputStream     ByteArrayOutputStream     ObjectOutputStream     PipedOutputStream     …

Stream

/**
 * Reads all lines from a text file and prints them.
 * Uses Java 1.0-era (circa 1996) Streams to read the file.
 */
public class StreamCat { 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { 
        DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream( new FileInputStream(args[0])); 
        // Don't do this! DataInputStream.readLine is DEPRECATED! 
        String line; 
        while ((line = dis.readLine()) != null)
             System.out.println(line); 
    }
}

Reader

/**
 * Reads all lines from a text file and prints them.
 * Uses Java 1.1-era (circa 1997) Streams to read the file.
 */ 
public class ReaderCat { 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { 
        try (BufferedReader rd = new BufferedReader( new FileReader(args[0]))) { 
            String line; 
            while ((line = rd.readLine()) != null) { 
                System.out.println(line); 
                // you could also wrap System.out in a PrintWriter 
            } 
        } 
    } 
}

Nio

/**
 * Reads all lines from a text file and prints them.
 * Uses nio FileChannel and ByteBuffer.
 */ 
public class NioCat { 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { 
        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(512); 
        try (FileChannel ch = FileChannel.open(Paths.get(args[0]), StandardOpenOption.READ)) { 
            int n; 
            while ((n = ch.read(buf)) > -1) { 
                System.out.print(new String(buf.array(), 0, n)); 
                buf.clear(); 
            } 
        } 
    } 
}

Scanner

/**
 * Reads all lines from a text file and prints them
 * Uses Java 5 scanner.
 */ 
public class ScannerCat { 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { 
        try (Scanner s = new Scanner(new File(args[0]))) { 
            while (s.hasNextLine()) 
                System.out.println(s.nextLine()); 
        } 
    } 
}

Lines

/**
 * Reads all lines from a text file and prints them. Uses Files,
 * Java 8-era Stream API (not IO Streams!) and method references.
 */ 
public class LinesCat { 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { 
        Files.lines(Paths.get(args[0])).forEach(System.out::println); 
    } 
}