SpringBoot---day08--整合Spring Data JPA

一：SpringBoot整合Ehcache

1.修改pom文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version>
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.springboot</groupId>
	<artifactId>22-springboot-jpa</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<!-- 修改jdc版本 -->
	<properties>
		<java.version>1.7</java.version>
		<thymeleaf.version>3.0.2.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version>
		<thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>2.0.4</thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<!--SpringBoot启动器 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- thymeleaf启动器的坐标 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- jpa启动器的坐标 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- mysql -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- druid连接池 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
			<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
			<version>1.0.9</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

2.在项目中添加application.properties

spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springboot_jpa
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123

spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource

spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
spring.jpa.show-sql=true

3.添加实体类

@Entity 
@Table(name="t_users")
public class Users {
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	@Column(name="id")
	private Integer id;
	@Column(name="name")
	private String name;
	@Column(name="age")
	private Integer age;
	@Column(name="address")
	private String address;
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}
	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Users [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", address=" + address + "]";
	}
	
}

 4.编写Dao层接口

/**
 * 参数一T：当前需要映射的实体
 * 参数二ID：当前映射的实体的OID的类型
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public interface UsersRepository extends JpaRepository<Users, Integer>{
	
}

5.在pom文件中添加测试启动器的坐标

		<!-- 添加junit环境的jar包 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
		</dependency>

6.创建启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class App {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
	}
	
}

7.编写测试代码

/**
 * 测试类
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes=App.class)
public class UsersRepositoryTest {
	@Autowired
	private UsersRepository usersRepository;
	@Test
	public void testSave() {
		Users users = new Users();
		users.setAddress("湖北武汉");
		users.setAge(22);
		users.setName("张三");
		usersRepository.save(users);
	}
}

二：Spring Data JPA 的核心接口

1.Repository接口的使用

提供了方法名称查询的方式

编写接口

public interface UsersRepositoryByName extends Repository<Users, Integer> {

	//方法的名称必须要遵循驼峰式命名规则。findBy(关键字)+属性名称(首字母要大写)+查询条件(首字母大写)
	List<Users> findByName(String name);
	
	List<Users> findByNameAndAge(String name,Integer age);
	
	List<Users> findByNameLike(String name);
}

测试代码

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes=App.class)
public class UsersRepositoryTest {
	@Autowired
	private UsersRepository usersRepository;
	@Autowired
	private UsersRepositoryByName usersRepositoryByName;
	@Test
	public void testSave() {
		Users users = new Users();
		users.setAddress("北京朝阳区");
		users.setAge(30);
		users.setName("李四");
		usersRepository.save(users);
	}
	/**
	 * Repository--方法名称命名测试
	 */
	@Test
	public void testFindByName() {
		List<Users> list = usersRepositoryByName.findByName("张三");
		for (Users users : list) {
			System.out.println(users);
		}
	}
	/**
	 * Repository--方法名称命名测试
	 */
	@Test
	public void testFindByNameAndAge() {
		List<Users> list = usersRepositoryByName.findByNameAndAge("张三", 22);
		for (Users users : list) {
			System.out.println(users);
		}
	}
	/**
	 * Repository--方法名称命名测试
	 */
	@Test
	public void testFindByNameLike() {
		List<Users> list = usersRepositoryByName.findByNameLike("张三");
		for (Users users : list) {
			System.out.println(users);
		}
	}
}

提供了基于@Query注解查询与更新

编写接口

/**
 * Repository @query
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public interface UsersRepositoryQueryAnnotation extends Repository<Users, Integer> {
	@Query("from Users where name = ?")
	List<Users> queryByNameUseHQL(String name);
	@Query(value="select * from t_users where name = ?",nativeQuery=true)
	List<Users> queryByNameUseSQL(String name);
	@Query("update Users set name = ?  where id = ?")
	@Modifying //需要执行一个更新操作
	void updateUsersNameById(String name,Integer id);
}

 编写代码

	/**
	 * Repository--@query方法名称命名测试
	 */
	@Test
	@Transactional //@Transactional与@Test 一起使用时事务是自动回滚的。
	@Rollback(false) //取消自动回滚！
	public void testUpdateUsersNameById() {
		userRepossitoryQueryAnnotation.updateUsersNameById("张珊珊", 1);
	}
	

2.CrudRepository接口

CrudRepository接口接口，主要是完成一些增删改查的操作。注意：CrudRepository接口继承了Repository接口

编写接口

/**
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public interface UsersRepositoryCrudRepository extends CrudRepository<Users, Integer> {

	
	
}

测试代码

	/**
	 * CrudRepository测试
	 */
	@Test
	public void testCrudRepositorySave() {
		Users users = new Users();
		users.setAddress("天津");
		users.setAge(32);
		users.setName("张三丰");
		usersRepositoryCrudRepository.save(users);
	}
	/**
	 * CrudRepository测试
	 */
	@Test
	public void testCrudRepositoryUpdate() {
		Users users = new Users();
		users.setId(4);
		users.setAddress("南京");
		users.setAge(40);
		users.setName("张三丰");
		usersRepositoryCrudRepository.save(users);
	}
	/**
	 * CrudRepository测试
	 */
	@Test
	public void testCrudRepositoryFindOne() {
		Users users = usersRepositoryCrudRepository.findOne(4);
		System.out.println(users);
	}
	/**
	 * CrudRepository测试
	 */
	@Test
	public void testCrudRepositoryFindAll() {
		List<Users> findAll = (List<Users>) usersRepositoryCrudRepository.findAll();
		for (Users users : findAll) {
			System.out.println(users);
		}
	}
	/**
	 * CrudRepository测试
	 */
	@Test
	public void testCrudRepositoryDeleteById() {
		usersRepositoryCrudRepository.delete(4);
	}

3.PagingAndSortingRepository接口

该接口提供了分页与排序的操作。注意：该接口继承了CrudrudRepository

编写接口

/**
 * PagingAndSortingRepository接口
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public interface UsersRepositoryPagingAndSorting extends PagingAndSortingRepository<Users, Integer> {

}

编写测试类

	/**
	 * pagingAndSortingRepository测试
	 */
	@Test
	public void testPagingAndSortingRepositorySort() {
		// order定义排序规则
		Order order = new Order(Direction.DESC, "id");
		// sort对象封装了排序规则
		Sort sort = new Sort(order);
		List<Users> list = (List<Users>) usersRepositoryPagingAndSorting.findAll(sort);
		for (Users users : list) {
			System.out.println(users);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * pagingAndSortingRepository 分页测试
	 */
	@Test
	public void testPagingAndSortingRepositoryPaging() {
		// Pageable：封装了分页参数，当前页、每页显示的条数。注意：它的当前页是从0开始的。
		// PageRequest(page, size) page：当前页. size:每页显示的条数
		Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(1, 2);
		Page<Users> page = usersRepositoryPagingAndSorting.findAll(pageable);
		System.out.println("总条数：" + page.getTotalElements());
		System.out.println("总页数：" + page.getTotalPages());
		List<Users> list = page.getContent();
		for (Users users : list) {
			System.out.println(users);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * pagingAndSortingRepository 排序+分页
	 */
	@Test
	public void testPagingAndSortingRepositorySortAndPaging() {
		// sort对象封装了排序规则
		Sort sort = new Sort(new Order(Direction.DESC, "id"));
		Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(1, 2, sort);
		
		Page<Users> page = usersRepositoryPagingAndSorting.findAll(pageable);
		System.out.println("总条数：" + page.getTotalElements());
		System.out.println("总页数：" + page.getTotalPages());
		List<Users> list = page.getContent();
		for (Users users : list) {
			System.out.println(users);
		}
	}

4.JpaRepository接口

该接口继承了PagingAndSortingRepository接口。对继承的父接口中的方法的返回值进行适配

接口编写

/**
 * 参数一T：当前需要映射的实体
 * 参数二ID：当前映射的实体的OID的类型
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public interface UsersRepository extends JpaRepository<Users, Integer>{
	
}

测试代码

	/**
	 * JpaRepository 排序测试
	 */
	@Test
	public void testJpaRepositorySort() {
		// sort对象封装了排序规则
		Sort sort = new Sort(new Order(Direction.DESC, "id"));
		
		List<Users> page = usersRepository.findAll(sort);
		//System.out.println("总条数：" + page.getTotalElements());
		//System.out.println("总页数：" + page.getTotalPages());
		//List<Users> list = page.getContent();
		for (Users users : page) {
			System.out.println(users);
		}
	}

 

5.JPASpecificationExecutor接口

该接口主要是提供了多条件查询的支持，并且可以在查询中添加分页与排序。注意：JPASpecificationExecutor是单独存在。完全独立的。

多条件查询方法一：

编写接口

/**
 * JpaSpecificationExecutor
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public interface UsersRepositorySpecification extends JpaRepository<Users, Integer>,JpaSpecificationExecutor<Users> {

}

 编写测试方法

	/**
	 *  JpaSpecificationExecutor 多条件测试
	 */
	@Test
	public void testJpaSpecificationExecutor2() {
		/**
		 * Specification<Users>:用于封装查询条件
		 */
		Specification<Users> spec =  new Specification<Users>() {
			@Override
			//Predicate:封装了单个的查询条件
			/**
			 * Root<Users> root:查询对象的属性的封装。
			 * CriteriaQuery<?> query：封装了我们要执行的查询中的各个部分信息，select from order by
			 * CriteriaBuilder cb:查询条件的构造器。定义不同的查询条件
			 */
			public Predicate toPredicate(Root<Users> root, CriteriaQuery<?> query, CriteriaBuilder cb) {
				//where name = "王五" and age = "23"
				List<Predicate> list = new ArrayList<Predicate>();
				list.add(cb.equal(root.get("name"), "王五"));
				list.add(cb.equal(root.get("age"), 23));
				Predicate[] arr = new Predicate[list.size()];
				return cb.and(list.toArray(arr));
			}
		};
		List<Users> list = usersRepositorySpecification.findAll(spec);
		for (Users users : list) {
			System.out.println(users);
		}
		
	}

多条件查询方法二：

测试方法

	/**
	 *  JpaSpecificationExecutor 多条件查询方式二
	 */
	@Test
	public void testJpaSpecificationExecutor3() {
		/**
		 * Specification<Users>:用于封装查询条件
		 */
		Specification<Users> spec =  new Specification<Users>() {
			@Override
			//Predicate:封装了单个的查询条件
			/**
			 * Root<Users> root:查询对象的属性的封装。
			 * CriteriaQuery<?> query：封装了我们要执行的查询中的各个部分信息，select from order by
			 * CriteriaBuilder cb:查询条件的构造器。定义不同的查询条件
			 */
			public Predicate toPredicate(Root<Users> root, CriteriaQuery<?> query, CriteriaBuilder cb) {
				//where name = "王五" and age = "23"
				/*List<Predicate> list = new ArrayList<Predicate>();
				list.add(cb.equal(root.get("name"), "王五"));
				list.add(cb.equal(root.get("age"), 23));
				Predicate[] arr = new Predicate[list.size()];*/
				//(name = "王五" and age = 20) or id = 2
				return cb.or(cb.and(cb.equal(root.get("name"), "王五"),cb.equal(root.get("age"), 23)),cb.equal(root.get("id"), 1));
			}
		};
		
		Sort sort = new Sort(new Order(Direction.DESC,"id"));
		
		List<Users> list = usersRepositorySpecification.findAll(spec,sort);
		for (Users users : list) {
			System.out.println(users);
		}
		
	}