java并发Condition接口

简介：之前文章中介绍过线程间通信示例，里面的用到了Object.wait和Object.notify，同时也知晓这两个方法要配合synchronized关键字使用，synchronized依赖于JVM,实现机制都在虚拟机层面，并没有暴露给我们。作为Lock系列功能中的Condition接口配合lock锁是可以替代Object监视器方法，依赖于API，它具有很好的灵活性。
方法：

示例：为了更好的理解Lock和Condition的使用场景，下面我们使用多线程实现一个产品容器，生产者负责生产，消费者负责消费。这里我们使用lock的newCondition(）获取对象，signal()通知和await()挂起线程。

public class TestCondition {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException{
		//容器限量为10个
		ItemQueue itemQueue =	new ItemQueue(10);
		
		Thread producer = new Producer(itemQueue);
		Thread consumer = new Consumer(itemQueue);
		
		producer.start();
		consumer.start();
		
		producer.join();
		consumer.join();
	}
	
	
	static class ItemQueue{
		//作为生产者和消费者的一个容器
		private Object[] items = null;
		private int current =0;
		private int placeIndex =0;
		private int removeIndex=0;
		
		private final Lock lock;
		private final Condition isEmpty;
		private final Condition isFull;
		
		public ItemQueue(int capacity) {
			this.items = new Object[capacity];
			lock = new ReentrantLock();
			isEmpty = lock.newCondition();
			isFull = lock.newCondition();
		}
		
		/**
		 *  生产产品放入容器的方法
		 * @param item
		 * @throws InterruptedException
		 */
		public void add(Object item) throws InterruptedException{
			lock.lock();
			while(current >= items.length) isFull.await();
			items[placeIndex] = item;
			placeIndex = (placeIndex + 1) % items.length;
			++current;
			isEmpty.signal();
			lock.unlock();
		}
		
		/**
		 * 消费容器中的产品方法
		 * @return
		 * @throws InterruptedException
		 */
		public Object remove() throws InterruptedException{
			Object item = null;
			lock.lock();
			
			while(current <= 0){
				isEmpty.await();
			}
			item = items[removeIndex];
			items[removeIndex]=null;
			removeIndex = (removeIndex+1) % items.length;
			--current;
			isFull.signal();
			lock.unlock();
			return item;
		}
		
		public boolean isEmpty(){
			return (items.length == 0);
		}
	}
	//生产者
	static class Producer extends Thread{
		private final ItemQueue queue;
		public Producer(ItemQueue queue) {
			this.queue =queue;
		}
		public void run(){
			String[] numbers = {"1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12","13", "14", "15"};
			try {
				for (String number : numbers) {
					queue.add(number);
					System.out.println("[Producer]:"+number);
				}
			} catch (InterruptedException ex) {
				ex.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
	//消费者
	static class Consumer extends Thread{
		private final ItemQueue queue;
		
		public Consumer(ItemQueue queue) {
			this.queue =queue;
		}
		
		public void run() {
			try {
				do {
					Object number = queue.remove();
					System.out.println("[Consumer]:"+number);
					if(number == null){
						return;
					}
				} while (!queue.isEmpty());
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
	
}

结果：