关于优化继承自HttpServlet中的doPost或者doGet方法中if-else语句过多的问题

本问题没有用到框架，只是单纯的三层架构

 

首先，先看一下用自定义的继承自HttpServlet的类中过多if-else分支的代码

这样太繁琐了容易乱套。

解决方案：写一个BaseServlet类，继承HttpServletRequest，实现的目标是根据Stringmethod=request.getParameter("method");找到指定的实现方法。

实现过程：当浏览器发送一个请求到UserServlet时，会调用父类BaseServlet类的Get或Post方法，然后都会跳转发到Get方法，根据反射，他就会识别，到底该调用UserServlet中哪一个方法，这样就不用自己写那么多的if-else了

PS：要求你得会java的反射才行，

再PS：用这种方式有要求，就是在前端请求servlet时，要写成这种方式("CartServlet?method=updateCartItem&bookId="+bookId+"&count="+value;路径问题不算)红色字体必须按照这样的格式，注意，由于必须携带参数所以from表单只能是post提交了

package com.thekingqj.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class UserServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/BaseServlet")
public class BaseServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
		String method=request.getParameter("method");
		try {
                        //通过反射获取当前对象的Class对象，再获取该对象中的method（传递过来的方法名称）方法对象，然后执行该方法（并传递参数）
			Method method1 = this.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(method, HttpServletRequest.class,HttpServletResponse.class);
			method1.invoke(this, request,response);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} 
	
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

 然后你的UserServlet就不用再写doGet和doPost了，

package com.thekingqj.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.thekingqj.bean.User;
import com.thekingqj.service.UserService;
import com.thekingqj.service.impl.UserServiceImpl;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class UserServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/UserServlet")
public class UserServlet extends BaseServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	  private UserService userService=new UserServiceImpl(); 

	/**
	 * 
	 * @param request
	 * @param response
	 * @throws ServletException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	protected void login(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		 String username=request.getParameter("username");
	       String password =request.getParameter("password");
	       String contextPath = request.getContextPath();
	       User user = userService.login(new User(null, username, password, null));
	       if (user==null) {
	    	   request.setAttribute("msg", "用户名不存在或密码错误");
	    	   request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/user/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
	       }else {
	    	   request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user);
	    	   response.sendRedirect(contextPath+"/pages/user/login_success.jsp");
	       }
	}

	/**
	 * 注册用户，
	 * @param request
	 * @param response
	 * @throws ServletException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	protected void regist(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		String username = request.getParameter("username");
		String password = request.getParameter("password");
		String email = request.getParameter("email");
		String verify=request.getParameter("verify");
		boolean regist = userService.regist(username);
		
		String attribute = (String)request.getSession().getAttribute("KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY");
		System.out.println(verify+" "+attribute);
		if(verify!=null&&verify.toLowerCase().equals(attribute.toLowerCase())) {
			request.getSession().removeAttribute("KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY");
			if (regist) {
				User user=new User(null, username, password, email);
				userService.saveUser(user);
				request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user);
				response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/pages/user/regist_success.jsp");
			} else  {
					request.setAttribute("msg", "用户名已存在");
					request.getRequestDispatcher("/p`ges/user/regist.jsp").forward(request, response);
				}
		}else {
			request.getSession().removeAttribute("KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY");
			request.setAttribute("msg", "验证码错误");
			request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/user/regist.jsp").forward(request, response);
		}
		
	}
	
	/**
	 * 注销当前用户，清除用户的信息
	 * @param request
	 * @param response
	 * @throws ServletException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	protected void loginOut(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		request.getSession().removeAttribute("user");
		response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/index.jsp");
	}

}