监控系统搭建理论
开源监控系统
- 所有监控配置都WEB化,WEB采用php开发
- 支持分布式监控
- 支持多种方式数据采集:简单监控、Agent监控、snmp接口监控、JMX接口监控
- 告警配置web化:邮件、微信、钉钉、短信
- Zabbix和Grafana的结合方便监控数据的可视化
- 先搭建zabbix,在实战中zabbix
- Zabbix Server会去采集监控数据,采集的监控数据会写入到SQL数据库
- Zabbix的WEB后端采用php语言开发,所有配置信息、用户认证信息等会写入SQL数据库
- 企业级Zabbix的搭建依赖的环境:主流采用LNMP环境(Centos7+Nginx+Mysql+Php)
用户 -> Nginx -> php-fpm -> 运行php程序 -> 操作mysql
搭建服务过程
1. Lnmp之nginx服务器搭建
yum install -y wget gcc gcc-c++ make pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel
wget 'http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz'
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
$echo PATH中没有export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin/ 所以不能直接nginx;
添加环境变量:
在vi /etc/profile在最后一行加上export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin/
输入. /etc/profile刷新生效。就可以直接nginx-t或者启动nginx
环境变量:export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin/
- 查看进程ps -aux | grep nginx
- 查看监控端口netstat -anpt |grepnginx
- nginx日志: tall -f /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log
- 浏览器访问:nginx服务器ip
使用systemctl管理Nginx,/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
Systemctl stopnginx
Systemctl startnginx
2. Lnmp之php源码编译安装
yum -y install gccgcc-c++ make pcrepcre-develzlibzlib-developensslopenssl-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel libcurllibcurl-devellibjpeglibjpeg-devellibpnglibpng-develfreetypefreetype-developenldapopenldap-devellibmcryptlibmcrypt-devel
wget 'http://hk1.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.40.tar.gz'
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-ctype --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --with-gettext --enable-fpm
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
--with-config-file-path指定php的配置文件位置
--with-mysql、--with-mysqli让php可以操作mysql
--enable-fpm主要是nginx要来调用php语言得使用php-fpm
环境变量:把export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/php/sbin/:/usr/local/php/bin/加入/etc/profile环境变量里刷新生效(. /etc/profile)
使用默认配置文件:cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
使用systemctl管理php-fpm,/usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service
ExecStart=/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm
查看监听端口:netstat -tulnp |grep php-fpm
查看进程:ps -auxf |grep php-fpm
nginx的默认配置无法处理php程序/usr/local/nginx/html/test.php
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location / {
index index.html index.htm index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
记得重启一下nginx(以上配置是nginx+php通过网络的方式访问)
访问测试:http://ip /test.php
3. Lnmp之mysql源码编译安装
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make tar openssl openssl-devel cmake ncurses ncurses-devel
useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
wget 'https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.39.tar.gz'
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=all -DWITH_DEBUG=0 -DWITH_SSL=yes -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
环境变量:把export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/加入/etc/profile环境变量里刷新生效(. /etc/profile)
slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/mysql-slow.log
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
log-error=/data/mysql/mysqld.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql /data/mysql/
yum install -y perl-Module-Install
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/
使用systemctl管理mysqld,/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysqld start
启动mysql服务器 :systemctl start mysqld
验证Mysql是否启动
查看监听:netstat -anpt |grep mysqld
1. mysqladmin -h 127.0.0.1 -u root password 'zabbixpwd'
2. mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -uroot -pzabbixpwd -A
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.237.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'zabbixpwd' WITH GRANT OPTION; //给192.168.237.0网段所有表和数据库的权限*.*(整个mysql库)ALL PRIVILEGES(所有权限)
(注意服务所在的服务器ip)
mysql -h 192.168.1.117 -uroot -p密码 -A
4. Lnmp环境验证
LNMP的环境验收,vi /usr/local/nginx/html/test_mysql.php
$link=mysql_connect("127.0.0.1","root","123456");
访问http://192.168.237.49/test_mysql.php
5. ZABBIX4.0版本的编译安装
yum install -y libevent-devel wget tar gcc gcc-c++ make net-snmp-devel libxml2-devel libcurl-devel
useradd -s /sbin/nologin zabbix
wget 'https://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/zabbix/ZABBI X%20Latest%20Stable/4.0.3/zabbix-4.0.3.tar.gz'
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --with-libxml2
在vi /etc/profile 在最后一行加上
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/:/usr/local/zabbix/bin/;
查看版本:zabbix_server --version
输入. /etc/profile刷新;
Mysql数据库初始化mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -uroot -pzabbixpwd -A
create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@'127.0.0.1' identified by 'zabbixpwd'; //这里的密码是mysql数据密码!!
source /usr/local/src/zabbix-4.0.3/database/mysql/schema.sql;
source /usr/local/src/zabbix-4.0.3/database/mysql/data.sql;
source /usr/local/src/zabbix-4.0.3/database/mysql/images.sql;
zabbix server的配置/usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf
LogFile=/usr/local/zabbix/zabbix_server.log
AlertScriptsPath=/usr/local/zabbix/alertscripts
ExternalScripts=/usr/local/zabbix/externalscripts
chown zabbix:zabbix -R /usr/local/zabbix/
- 进程:ps -aux |grep zabbix_server
- 端口:netstat -tulnp |grep zabbix_server
- 日志:cat /usr/local/zabbix/zabbix_server.log
mkdir /usr/local/nginx/html/zabbix
cp -a /usr/local/src/zabbix-4.0.3/frontends/php/* /usr/local/nginx/html/zabbix/
zabbix web需要php做配置优化,修改php配置文件:/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
always_populate_raw_post_data = -1
重启php生效:systemctl restart php-fpm
访问http://192.168.1.117/zabbix/setup.php
然后刷新访问:http://192.168.1.117/zabbix/
默认用户名和密码:Admin zabbix (Admin的A必须是大写)
6. zabbix网页汉化
解决zabbix部分乱码
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/chenqing/ng-mini/master/font/msyh.ttf或者windows系统电脑中C:\Windows\Fonts
- zabbix字体的放置目录:/usr/local/nginx/html//fonts/(将下载的字体cp到此目录下)
网页的字体配置修改vi /usr/local/nginx/html//include/defines.inc.php 中将DejaVuSans字体,改成msyh微软雅黑字体(可能两处需要修改)
(注:可以把目录下默认的文件备份然后把下载的字体文件名字改为默认(DejaVuSans.ttf默认名字)