SSM项目搭建——数据库的增删改查
在写代码之前先了解一下这三个框架分别是干什么的?
SpringMVC:它用于web层,相当于controller(等价于传统的servlet和struts的action),用来处理用户请求。举个例子,用户在地址栏输入http://网站域名/login,那么springmvc就会拦截到这个请求,并且调用controller层中相应的方法,(中间可能包含验证用户名和密码的业务逻辑,以及查询数据库操作,但这些都不是springmvc的职责),最终把结果返回给用户,并且返回相应的页面(当然也可以只返回json/xml等格式数据)。springmvc就是做前面和后面过程的活,与用户打交道!!
Spring:太强大了,以至于我无法用一个词或一句话来概括它。但与我们平时开发接触最多的估计就是IOC容器,它可以装载bean(也就是我们java中的类,当然也包括service dao里面的),有了这个机制,我们就不用在每次使用这个类的时候为它初始化,很少看到关键字new。另外spring的aop,事务管理等等都是我们经常用到的。
MyBatis:如果你问我它跟鼎鼎大名的Hibernate有什么区别?我只想说,他更符合我的需求。第一,它能自由控制sql,这会让有数据库经验的人(当然不是说我啦捂脸)编写的代码能搞提升数据库访问的效率。第二,它可以使用xml的方式来组织管理我们的sql,因为一般程序出错很多情况下是sql出错,别人接手代码后能快速找到出错地方,甚至可以优化原来写的sql。
主要功能
1.用户注册(暂未实现)
2.用户登录(暂未实现)
3.用户列表展示
4.新增用户信息
4.用户信息修改(暂未实现)
5.用户信息删除(暂未实现)
涉及到的知识点有
1.JDBC
2.Servlet
3.过滤器
4.EL与JSTL表达式
配置环境
IntelliJ IDEA 2018.2
Maven 3.6.1
jdk 1.8
tomcat 7.0
mysql 5.5
数据库
结构目录
创建项目
1.打开IDEA,右侧选择Maven–导入jdk包–选择“Create from archetype”–选择webapp–下一步
2.根据自己的喜欢进行填写
3.选择自己安装的Maven
4.进入该工程后,将会进行自动配置导包。选择Enable Auto-import进行自动导包。若出现BUILD SUCCESS代表项目创建成功
相关代码
1.User类(实体即抽象出来的用户对象,对应数据库中的user表,表中每个字段在实体中为一个属性,也可以理解为一个User对象对应数据库中的user表一条记录)
package com.zhongruan.bean;
// 包名小写 类名大写
// User - 实体类,映射数据库字段
public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
//get and set
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
//构造函数
public User(int id, String username, String password) {
this.id = id;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
public User() {
}
//ToString方法重写
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
2.UserController 类(用于控制页面跳转)
package com.zhongruan.controller;
import com.zhongruan.bean.User;
import com.zhongruan.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.util.List;
//决定跳转到哪里
@Controller //Spring注解,相当于servlet的作用
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/findAllUser.do")
public ModelAndView findAllUser(){
//1.调用service方法查询并得到结果
List<User> userList = userService.findAllUser();
//2.实例化ModelAndView
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.addObject("userList",userList);
mv.setViewName("allUser");
return mv;
}
@RequestMapping("toAddUser")
public String toAddUser(){
return "addUser"; //相当于直接跳转到addUser.jsp
}
//新增用户
@RequestMapping("/save.do")
public String addUser(User user){
userService.addUser(user);
return "redirect:/user/findAllUser.do"; //返回主界面
}
}
3.Dao类(持久层,与数据库交互的交互层,写对数据库的操作)
package com.zhongruan.dao;
import com.zhongruan.bean.User;
import java.util.List;
// UserDao -- 数据库交互层
public interface UserDao {
//查询全部 List<User> userList = new ArrayList<>() 多态
List<User> findAllUser();
int addUser(User user);
}
4.UserService类(接口类)
package com.zhongruan.service;
import com.zhongruan.bean.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserService {
//查询全部 List<User> userList = new ArrayList<>() 多态
List<User> findAllUser();
int addUser(User user);
}
5.UserServiceImpl类(实现UserService接口)
package com.zhongruan.service.Impl;
import com.zhongruan.bean.User;
import com.zhongruan.dao.UserDao;
import com.zhongruan.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
@Override
public List<User> findAllUser() {
return userDao.findAllUser();
}
@Override
public int addUser(User user) {
return userDao.addUser(user);
}
}
6.UserMapper.xml(SQL映射文件,在其中写SQL语句,将mapper namespace该为自己的Dao类)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.zhongruan.dao.UserDao" >
<!-- 查询全部 -->
<select id="findAllUser" resultType="com.zhongruan.bean.User">
select * from tb_user
</select>
<!-- parameterType为输入类型 -->
<!-- #{}实现的是向prepareStatement中的预处理语句中设置参数值 -->
<!-- ${}可以将parameterType 传入的内容拼接在sql中且不进行jdbc类型转换, ${}可以接收简单类型值或pojo属性值 -->
<!-- 添加用户 -->
<insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.zhongruan.bean.User">
insert into tb_user(id,username,password) values (#{id},#{username},#{password})
</insert>
</mapper>
7.applicationContext.xml(注意修改数据库的user和password,对应的包名)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
<!-- 1.配置数据库相关参数properties的属性:${url} -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
<!-- 2.配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="2"/>
</bean>
<!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 扫描bean包 使用别名 -->
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.zhongruan.bean"></property>
<!--配置加载映射文件 UserMapper.xml-->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!-- 自动生成dao,mapper-->
<!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包,动态实现Dao接口,注入到spring容器中 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.zhongruan.dao"/>
<!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!--自动扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zhongruan"/>
<!-- 配置事务-->
<!-- 5.配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- 6.开启事务注解-->
<tx:annotation-driven></tx:annotation-driven>
</beans>
8.db.properties(数据库配置文件)
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/java7?useSSL=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123
9.log4j.properties
# Global logging configuration
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
# Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n
10.spring-mvc.xml(spring-mvc配置文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
<!-- 1.注解扫描位置-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zhongruan.controller" />
<!-- 2.配置映射处理和适配器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/>
<!-- 3.视图的解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
11.pom.xml(直接复制文件到pom.xml中,然后maven会自动下载需要的jar包,复制文件之后,右下角会提示选中第二个自动下载就好了)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.day2</groupId>
<artifactId>Day2</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>Day2 Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
<!-- spring版本号 -->
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<!-- mybatis版本号 -->
<mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
<!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
<slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<c3p0.version>0.9.5.2</c3p0.version>
<taglibs.version>1.1.2</taglibs.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- spring核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入java ee jar 包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入Mysql数据库链接jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.30</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入dbcp的jar包,用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSTL标签类 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
<!-- log start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>${c3p0.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>${taglibs.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入servlet-api/jsp -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>Day2</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
12.jps界面
allUser.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>user列表</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
基于SSM框架的管理系统:简单实现增、删、改、查。
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>用户列表 —— 显示所有用户</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/toAddUser.do">新增</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>id</th>
<th>用户名</th>
<th>密码</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<c:forEach items="${userList}" var="userInfo">
<tr>
<td>${userInfo.id}</td>
<td>${userInfo.username}</td>
<td>${userInfo.password}</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/toUpdate.do?id=${userInfo.id}">更改</a> |
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/delete.do?id=${userInfo.id}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
addUser.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>新增用户</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
基于SSM框架的管理系统:简单实现增、删、改、查。
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>新增用户</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/save.do"
method="post">
用 户 id:<input type="text" name="id"><br><br><br>
用户姓名:<input type="text" name="username"><br><br><br>
用户密码:<input type="text" name="password"><br><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="添加" >
</form>
</div>
13.index.jsp(主界面)
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false"%>
<html>
<body>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/findAllUser.do">全部查询</a>
</body>
</html>
14.结果
主界面
查询全部
新增用户
新增用户成功