python中 map() 与 zip() 的使用

对于map()它的原型是：map(function,sequence)，就是对序列sequence中每个元素都执行函数function操作。
比如之前的a,b,c = map(int,raw_input().split())，意思就是说把输入的a，b，c转化为整数。再比如：

a = ['1','2','3','4']
print map(list,a)
print map(int,a)
# 第一个map是把列表a中每个元素转化为列表，第二个map是把a中每个元素转化为整数。

而对于zip()，原型是zip(*list)，list是一个列表，*zip(list)返回的是一个元组，比如：

list = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]]
t = zip(*list)
print t
# 输出 [(1, 4, 7), (2, 5, 8), (3, 6, 9)]

x = [1,2,3,4,5]
y = [6,7,8,9,10]
a = zip(x,y)
print a
# [(1, 6), (2, 7), (3, 8), (4, 9), (5, 10)]

>>> list = [[0,1,2],[3,1,4]] 
>>> [sum(x) for x in list] 
[3, 8] 
>>> map(sum,list) 
[3, 8]

>>> list = [[0,1,2],[3,1,4]] 
>>> zip(*list) 
[(0, 3), (1, 1), (2, 4)] 
>>> [sum(x) for x in zip(*list)] 
[3, 2, 6] 
>>> map(sum,zip(*list)) 
[3, 2, 6]

>>> x=[1,2,3] 
>>> y=[4,5,6] 
>>> zipped = zip(x,y) 
>>> zipped 
[(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)] 
>>> x2,y2=zip(*zipped) 
>>> x2 
(1, 2, 3) 
>>> y2 
(4, 5, 6) 
>>> x3,y3=map(list,zip(*zipped)) 
>>> x3 
[1, 2, 3] 
>>> y3 
[4, 5, 6]