基于django 开发的框架 jumpserver 源码解析(一) 基于类的视图，以及url 路由解析

基于类的视图，以及url 路由解析

  jumpserver 这个轮子是好跑的轮子，又大又圆，对源码进行解析。

 

jumpserver  中 用了 大量的基于类的视图函数，相对抽象一点，隐藏了一些细节。大量使用 类似下面的url路由。

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^v1/assets-bulk/$', api.AssetListUpdateApi.as_view(), name='asset-bulk-update')]

跟 基于函数的视图不一样， 配置类视图的时候，需要使用类视图的as_view()方法来注册添加,

as_view 方法 是django 内置base 类中，view类的 类方法。下面贴出源码

class View:
    """
    Intentionally simple parent class for all views. Only implements
    dispatch-by-method and simple sanity checking.
    """

    http_method_names = ['get', 'post', 'put', 'patch', 'delete', 'head', 'options', 'trace']

    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        """
        Constructor. Called in the URLconf; can contain helpful extra
        keyword arguments, and other things.
        """
        # Go through keyword arguments, and either save their values to our
        # instance, or raise an error.
        for key, value in kwargs.items():
            setattr(self, key, value)

    @classonlymethod
    def as_view(cls, **initkwargs):
        """Main entry point for a request-response process."""
        for key in initkwargs:
            if key in cls.http_method_names:
                raise TypeError("You tried to pass in the %s method name as a "
                                "keyword argument to %s(). Don't do that."
                                % (key, cls.__name__))
            if not hasattr(cls, key):
                raise TypeError("%s() received an invalid keyword %r. as_view "
                                "only accepts arguments that are already "
                                "attributes of the class." % (cls.__name__, key))

        def view(request, *args, **kwargs):
            self = cls(**initkwargs)
            if hasattr(self, 'get') and not hasattr(self, 'head'):
                self.head = self.get
            self.request = request
            self.args = args
            self.kwargs = kwargs
            return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
        view.view_class = cls
        view.view_initkwargs = initkwargs

        # take name and docstring from class
        update_wrapper(view, cls, updated=())

        # and possible attributes set by decorators
        # like csrf_exempt from dispatch
        update_wrapper(view, cls.dispatch, assigned=())
        return view

as_view 方法返回得是一个函数的引用view, view 方法是 as_view 方法的类方法中的一个内置方法，这个方法 作用是 实例化了一个View类，然后 返回的是实例的dispatch方法。那么dispath 方法 作用是什么呢？下面贴出dispath 方法源码。

 def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        # Try to dispatch to the right method; if a method doesn't exist,
        # defer to the error handler. Also defer to the error handler if the
        # request method isn't on the approved list.
        if request.method.lower() in self.http_method_names:
            handler = getattr(self, request.method.lower(), self.http_method_not_allowed)
        else:
            handler = self.http_method_not_allowed
        return handler(request, *args, **kwargs)

dispath  先对request  的 method 做了一个判断，返回了handler ，这个handler 是个什么东东？handler 是通过 pythong 内置方法发得到的，下面贴出getattr 方法源码。

def getattr(object, name, default=None): # known special case of getattr
    """
    getattr(object, name[, default]) -> value
    
    Get a named attribute from an object; getattr(x, 'y') is equivalent to x.y.
    When a default argument is given, it is returned when the attribute doesn't
    exist; without it, an exception is raised in that case.
    """

getattr 方法发是得到 一个对象 属性或者 方法的引用，django使用这个方法实现了一个反射机制，根据request对象的method 属性，对应 对应试图类的相应方法，如果request 的method 属性 不在 http_method_names  这个列表里面 ，在返回error 视图类。