Spring-DI（依赖注入）

1. 构造器注入

• 略（前面已写）

2. set方式注入【重点】

• 依赖注入：Set注入（实体类里的set方法)
• 依赖：bean对象的创建依赖于容器
• 注入：bean对象所有属性 , 由容器来注入

---

实测：

• Student.java

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private Address address;
    private String[] books;
    private List<String> hobbys;
    private Map<String,String> card;
    private Set<String> game;
    private Properties info;
    private String wife;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String[] getBooks() {
        return books;
    }

    public void setBooks(String[] books) {
        this.books = books;
    }

    public List<String> getHobbys() {
        return hobbys;
    }

    public void setHobbys(List<String> hobbys) {
        this.hobbys = hobbys;
    }

    public Map<String, String> getCard() {
        return card;
    }

    public void setCard(Map<String, String> card) {
        this.card = card;
    }

    public Set<String> getGame() {
        return game;
    }

    public void setGame(Set<String> game) {
        this.game = game;
    }

    public Properties getInfo() {
        return info;
    }

    public void setInfo(Properties info) {
        this.info = info;
    }

    public String getWife() {
        return wife;
    }

    public void setWife(String wife) {
        this.wife = wife;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", address=" + address.toString() +
                ", books=" + Arrays.toString(books) +
                ", hobbys=" + hobbys +
                ", card=" + card +
                ", game=" + game +
                ", info=" + info +
                ", wife='" + wife + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
    }

• Address.java

public class Address {
    private String address;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Address{" +
                "address='" + address + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
}

• applicationContext.xml：

<bean id="address" class="com.qk.pojo.Address">
        <property name="address" value="湖北"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <bean id="student" class="com.qk.pojo.Student">
        <!-- 第一种：普通注入，value-->
        <property name="name" value="qk"></property>
        <!-- 第二种：bean注入，ref-->
        <property name="address" ref="address"></property>
        <!-- 第三种：数组注入，array-->
        <property name="books">
            <array>
                <value>红楼梦</value>
                <value>三国演义</value>
                <value>西游记</value>
                <value>水浒传</value>
            </array>
        </property>
        <!-- 第四种：list注入，list-->
        <property name="hobbys">
            <list>
                <value>唱</value>
                <value>跳</value>
                <value>rap</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <!-- 第五种：map注入，map-->
        <property name="card">
            <map>
                <entry key="邮政" value="110111"></entry>
                <entry key="中商" value="120222"></entry>
                <entry key="工商" value="119333"></entry>
            </map>
        </property>
        <!-- 第六种：set注入，set-->
        <property name="game">
            <set>
                <value>LOL</value>
                <value>COC</value>
                <value>BOB</value>
            </set>
        </property>
        <!-- 第七种：null注入，null-->
        <property name="wife">
            <null></null>
        </property>
        <!-- 第二种：property 注入，props-->
        <property name="info">
            <props>
                <prop key="学号">16421</prop>
                <prop key="宿舍">125</prop>
                <prop key="床号">6</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

• 测试类：

public class myTestes {
    @Test
    public void test01(){
        ApplicationContext Context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applictionContext.xml");
        Student student = (Student) Context.getBean("student");
        System.out.println(student.toString());
    }
}

• 输出结果：

Student{name='qk', address=Address{address='湖北'}, books=[红楼梦, 三国演义, 西游记, 水浒传], hobbys=[唱, 跳, rap], card={邮政=110111, 中商=120222, 工商=119333}, game=[LOL, COC, BOB], info={宿舍=125, 床号=6, 学号=16421}, wife='null'}

3. 拓展方式注入

p命名空间注入：

• 需要在头文件中加入约束文件

导入约束 : xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

public class User {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

<!--p命名空间注入，可以直接注入属性的值：property-->
<bean id="user" class="com.qk.pojo.User" p:name="qk" p:age="18"></bean>

c命名空间注入：

• 需要在头文件中加入约束文件

导入约束 : xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"

public class User {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

<!--c命名空间注入，可以通过构造器注入：constructor-arg-->
<bean id="user2" class="com.qk.pojo.User" c:age="28" c:name="qq"></bean>

@Test
    public void test03(){
        ApplicationContext Context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("userbean.xml");
        User user = (User) Context.getBean("user2",User.class);
        System.out.println(user);
    }

个人总结：

• 不同：
  p命名空间是通过实体类属性注入
  c命名空间是通过有参构造方法注入
• 相同：
  都需要导入约束