制作单词记录App(二)
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制作单词记录App(二)
紧接着上次的继续做
完善查询功能和切换布局功能,制作清空功能
制作菜单
制作菜单和搜索功能的实现
res->new->resource file
type选择menu即可
- 制作menu界面
拖动两个Menu Item和一个Search Item至布局中,改写id和title
默认的搜索栏在menu下拉列表中,需要设置showAsAction属性使其在导航栏中显示,如下图所示
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item
android:id="@+id/clearData"
android:title="清空数据" />
<item
android:id="@+id/switchViewType"
android:title="切换视图" />
<item
android:id="@+id/app_bar_search"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_search_black_24dp"
android:title="Search"
app:actionViewClass="android.widget.SearchView"
app:showAsAction="always" />
</menu>
- 在MainActivity中复写函数onCreateOptionsMenu()来添加刚创建的menu
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main_menu,menu);
return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
}
即可在所有界面添加该菜单,但不是我们想要的效果,因为在第二个添加界面我们不需要搜索框等工具,因此本次项目需要在对应的fragement中复写上述函数:
在WordFragement中复写函数:由于Fragement中默认不显示菜单,所以我们需要在构造方法中设置显示拥有菜单为真
public WordsFragment() {
// Required empty public constructor
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
}
@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(@NonNull Menu menu, @NonNull MenuInflater inflater) {
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater);
inflater.inflate(R.menu.main_menu,menu);
}
- 制作工具条的内容功能
设置搜索栏点击时,系统名不被隐藏的方法:
@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(@NonNull Menu menu, @NonNull MenuInflater inflater) {
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater);
inflater.inflate(R.menu.main_menu,menu);
SearchView searchView = (SearchView) menu.findItem(R.id.app_bar_search).getActionView();//获取搜索栏的引用
searchView.setMaxWidth(1000); //设置搜索栏宽度以防系统名被隐藏
}
- 返回数据库底层制作查询功能:
(1)在WordDao中添加模糊查询功能代码:
@Query("SELECT * FROM WORD WHERE english_word LIKE :pattern ORDER BY ID DESC")
LiveData<List<Word>> findWordsWithPattern(String pattern);
(2)在WordRepository中添加代码:
LiveData<List<Word>> findWordsWithPattern(String pattern) {
return wordDao.findWordsWithPattern("%" + pattern + "%"); //通配符保证模糊匹配
}
(3)在ViewModel中添加代码:
LiveData<List<Word>> findWordsWithPattern(String pattern) {
return wordRepository.findWordsWithPattern(pattern);
}
-
在WordFragement中添加过滤后的词汇变量:
-
制作fragement中的搜索栏的监听器:
import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.lifecycle.LiveData;
import androidx.lifecycle.Observer;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProviders;
import androidx.navigation.NavController;
import androidx.navigation.Navigation;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.ViewParent;
import android.widget.Adapter;
import android.widget.SearchView;
import com.google.android.material.floatingactionbutton.FloatingActionButton;
import java.util.List;
/**
* A simple {@link Fragment} subclass.
*/
public class WordsFragment extends Fragment {
private WordViewModel wordViewModel;
private RecyclerView recyclerView;
private MyAdapter myAdapter1,myAdapter2;
private FloatingActionButton floatingActionButton;
private LiveData<List<Word>> filteredWords; //过滤后的词汇
public WordsFragment() {
// Required empty public constructor
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
}
@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(@NonNull Menu menu, @NonNull MenuInflater inflater) {
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater);
inflater.inflate(R.menu.main_menu,menu);
SearchView searchView = (SearchView) menu.findItem(R.id.app_bar_search).getActionView();//获取搜索栏的引用
searchView.setMaxWidth(1000); //设置搜索栏宽度
searchView.setOnQueryTextListener(new SearchView.OnQueryTextListener() {
@Override
public boolean onQueryTextSubmit(String query) { //确定提交相关
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean onQueryTextChange(String newText) { //内容改变
//制作模糊匹配查询
String pattern = newText.trim();
//避免两次观察的碰撞,先移除之前的观察
filteredWords.removeObservers(requireActivity()); //不写这句会报错
//根据筛选条件获取新的模糊查询添加观察
filteredWords = wordViewModel.findWordsWithPattern(pattern);
filteredWords.observe(requireActivity(), new Observer<List<Word>>() {
@Override
public void onChanged(List<Word> words) { //onChanged()内部方法
int temp = myAdapter1.getItemCount();
myAdapter1.setAllWords(words);
myAdapter2.setAllWords(words);
if (temp!=words.size()) {
myAdapter1.notifyDataSetChanged();
myAdapter2.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
}
});
return true; //如果事件处理结束,则返回true
}
});
}
...
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
wordViewModel = new ViewModelProvider(requireActivity()).get(WordViewModel.class);
...
filteredWords = wordViewModel.getAllWordsLive(); //一开始不过滤,显示所有内容
filteredWords.observe(requireActivity(), new Observer<List<Word>>() {
...
}
}
- 至此搜索筛选功能完成:
制作清空数据功能和切换布局功能
菜单栏中的选项点击事件的实现在onOptionsItemSelected()中
复写该方法:
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
//菜单栏的可选项点击事件的实现(本次为清空数据和切换视图)
//多个菜单分类处理
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.clearData: //选中清空数据时弹出确认对话框
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(requireActivity());
builder.setTitle("清空数据");
builder.setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
wordViewModel.clearWords(); //确定时才从ViewModel中清空数据
}
});
builder.setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
//取消时不做处理即可
}
});
builder.create();
builder.show();
break;
case R.id.switchViewType: //选中切换视图时
//创建用户偏好设置SharedPreferences保存切换的视图(不设置会在切换视图做添加数据操作的时候回归普通视图)
SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = requireActivity().getSharedPreferences(VIEW_TYPE_SHP, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
boolean viewType = sharedPreferences.getBoolean(IS_USING_CARDVIEW,false);
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sharedPreferences.edit();
if (viewType) {
//当前使用的时卡片布局
recyclerView.setAdapter(myAdapter1); //改变为普通布局
editor.putBoolean(IS_USING_CARDVIEW,false); //将用户偏好设置改变为false
} else {
recyclerView.setAdapter(myAdapter2);
editor.putBoolean(IS_USING_CARDVIEW,true);
}
editor.apply(); //用户偏好设置存储
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
并在填充数据后通过用户偏好设置sharedPreferences保持原本界面布局(包括填充数据提交和重新进入界面)
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
...
//读取用户偏好设置
SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = requireActivity().getSharedPreferences(VIEW_TYPE_SHP, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
boolean viewType = sharedPreferences.getBoolean(IS_USING_CARDVIEW,false);
if (viewType) { //用户偏好卡片则设为卡片布局
recyclerView.setAdapter(myAdapter2);
} else {
recyclerView.setAdapter(myAdapter1);
}
...
}
至此完成搜索与菜单栏的功能:界面如下