Centos 7安装mysql 8.0

0. 卸载mysql

   # 检查是否安装mysql
   rpm -qa | grep mysql 
   # 卸载mysql
   yum remove mysql-xxx-xxx-
   rpm -e mysql---
   # 文件夹
   find / -name mysql
   # 删除
   rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
   
   # 删除mariadb
   rpm -pa | grep mariadb
   # 删除
   rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.56
   # 如果失败，强制删除
   rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2
   

1. 下载mysql yum包
   http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

2. 安装yum包

   rpm -Uvh mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
   

3. 安装mysql，此过程需要一定时间

   yum install  -y  mysql-community-server
   
   # 如果报错："Couldn't open file /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022"
   # rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
   

   注意：
   如果需要启动前提前修改配置项，或者自定义数据库存储路径，请参考：
   https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40523572/article/details/109517630
   如果有权限控制，请注意以下文件夹的权限
   /var/log
   /var/lib 或其他mysql的数据库目录
   /var/run
   /usr/sbin

4. 基础my.cnf配置

   [mysqld]
   datadir=/var/lib/mysql
   socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
   
   log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
   pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
   
   # sql mode
   sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO
   # set table name mode, must before db init, else start with error
   lower_case_table_names=1
   
   character-set-server=UTF8MB4
   
   [mysql]
   default-character-set=UTF8MB4
   
   [client]
   port=3306
   socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
   default-character-set=UTF8MB4
   
   

5. 启动mysql

   service mysqld start
   
   # 如果报错，请查看/var/log/mysqld.log
   # 如果权限错误，除了修改文件夹的权限之外，还要注意SELINUX的权限
   # 临时关闭：setenforce 0 
   # 永久关闭需要修改配置文件，重启机器：
   # 修改/etc/selinux/config 文件
   # 将SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled
   

6. 查看mysql的状态

   service mysqld status
   

7. 获取临时密码，因为是rpm安装，error log文件在/var/log/mysqld.log

   grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
   

   

8. 登录并修改密码

   mysql -uroot -p 临时密码
   alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
   

   若此时报错：
   ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
   必须修改两个全局的参数，修改完成后，再次执行修改密码的命令：

   5.7：
   set global validate_password_policy=0;
   set global validate_password_length=1;
   5.8：
   set global validate_password.policy=0;
   set global validate_password.length=1;
   

9. 创建远程登录账户并授权远程登录

   create user  'admin'@'%'  identified by '123456';
   grant all on  *.*  to  'admin'@'%';
   flush privileges;
   

10. 远程连接报错相关
    mysql8 之前的版本中加密规则是mysql_native_password，而在mysql8之后,加密规则是caching_sha2_password。

     # 修改加密规则
     alter user 'admin'@'%' identified by '123456' password expire never;
     # 更新用户密码
     alter user 'admin'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456';
     # 刷新权限 
     flush privileges;
    

11. 查看字符集

    登录mysql查看：
    SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%' 
    

12. 开放防火墙

    firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
    firewall-cmd --reload
    firewall-cmd --list-ports
    

13. 开机自启动

    chkconfig --levels 235 mysqld on