971密码学复习

1. 什么是 one time pad。https://blog.csdn.net/b12345678_123/article/details/125770698?spm=1001.2014.3001.5506

2. 什么绝对安全：密文不会给攻击者提供有关明文的任何信息。给攻击者一个密文C，攻击者无法分别出来这个密文只有m0还是m1加密的。

3. Reduction: 解题过程：problem A is reducible to problem B. Suppose there is a algorithm C can solve problem B. Give an input f(a), our task is to compute a with the help of algorithm C.

step1: we compute f(a)

step2: we run algorithm c with f(a) and f(0) as input, algorithm should return a+0=a

step3: we output a as the solution to f(a), which solve the problem a.

4. 密码学的机密性和完整性：confidentiality 分为数据机密性和身份机密性。data机密性：Alice发送的数据不能够被敌手知道。identity机密性：Alice谈话的对象不能被敌手知道。Integrity分为数据和身份完整性。data完整性：Aclie发送给Bob的数据不能被篡改。identity完整性：Alice的谈话对象不能被冒充。