注释转化（C注释转为C++注释）

假如现在有一个.c的文件，它里面有C语言的注释（/…/），C++的注释（//），当然也有正常的代码了，现在我们想要把里面的注释统一一下，将C语言注释全部转换为C++的注释，该怎么做呢？
思路：

我们可以这么想，它里面无非有四种类型：
1.正常代码
2.C注释
3.C++注释
4.文件结束标志EOF
我们要向把C注释全部转化成C++注释，当然要分析一下这四种类型之间的过渡关系了，图解如下：

经过我们分析，如上图，
1.正常代码遇到/*之后会变成C注释，遇到//之后会变成C++代码，而遇到EOF会结束；
2.C代码遇到**/会变成正常代码，不可能会遇到EOF；
3.C++代码遇到‘\n’会变成正常代码，遇到EOF会就会结束
例如：

测试用例如下:

// 1.一般情况
int num = 0;
/* int i = 0; */

// 2.换行问题
/* int i = 0; */int j = 0;
/* int i = 0; */
int j = 0;

// 3.匹配问题
/*int i = 0;/*xxxxx*/

// 4.多行注释问题
/*
int i=0;
int j = 0;
int k = 0;
*/int k = 0;

// 5.连续注释问题
/**//**/

// 6.连续的**/问题
/***/

// 7.C++注释问题
// /*xxxxxxxxxxxx*/

test.c

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include"CommentConvert.h"
void test()
{
    FILE *pfread = NULL;//从哪里读入
    FILE *pfwrite = NULL;//改完之后写到哪里
    pfread = fopen("input.c", "r");
    if (pfread == NULL)
    {
        perror("open file for read");
    }
    pfwrite = fopen("output.c", "w");
    if (pfwrite == NULL)
    {
        perror("open file for write");
    }
    CommentCovert(pfread, pfwrite);//注释转化
    fclose(pfread);
    pfread = NULL;
    fclose(pfwrite);
    pfwrite = NULL;
}
int main()
{
    test();
    return 0;
}

CommentConvert.c

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include"CommentConvert.h"


void DoNulState(FILE *pfread, FILE *pfwrite, State *ps)
{//正常代码函数
    char first = fgetc(pfread);
    switch (first)
    {
    case'/':
    {
        char second = fgetc(pfread);
        switch (second)
        {
        case'*'://遇到/*改成//      {
            fputc('/', pfwrite);
            fputc('/', pfwrite);
            *ps = C_STATE;//再将状态置为C语言注释代码

        }
            break;
        case'/':
        {
            fputc(first, pfwrite);
            fputc(second, pfwrite);
            *ps = CPP_STATE;//遇到//原样输出，再将状态置为C++代码
        }
            break;
        case EOF:
        {
            fputc(first, pfwrite);
            *ps = END_STATE;//遇到EOF停止
        }
        default:
            fputc(first, pfwrite);//其他情况照常输出
            fputc(second, pfwrite);
            break;
        }
    }
        break;
    case EOF:
        *ps = END_STATE;
        break;
    default: 
        fputc(first, pfwrite);
        *ps = NUL_STATE;
        break;

    }
}


void DoCState(FILE *pfread, FILE *pfwrite, State *ps)
{
    char first = fgetc(pfread);
    switch (first)
    {
    case'*': 
    {
        char second = fgetc(pfread);
        switch (second)
        {
        case'/'://C代码里面遇到*/还应考虑下一个字符是什么
        {
            char third = fgetc(pfread);

                if (third != '\n')//如果不是换行，先换行
                {
                    fputc('\n', pfwrite);
                    ungetc(third, pfread);
                }

                else
                {
                    fputc(third, pfwrite);//是换行符，把third还回去
                }


            *ps = NUL_STATE;//状态置为正常代码
        }
            break;
        case'*':
        {
            fputc(first, pfwrite);
            ungetc(second, pfread);//如果c代码后遇到两个*，将第一个*输出，再将第二个还回去，继续判断
            *ps = C_STATE;
        }
            break;
        default:
        {
            fputc(first, pfwrite);
            fputc(second, pfwrite);
        }
            break;
        }
    }
        break;
    case'\n':
    {//C代码遇到换行，说明是多行注释
        fputc('\n', pfwrite);//先换行
        fputc('/', pfwrite);//再转化注释
        fputc('/', pfwrite);
        *ps = C_STATE;
    }
        break;
    default:
        fputc(first, pfwrite);
        break;
    }
}

void DoCppState(FILE *pfread, FILE *pfwrite, State *ps)
{
    char first = fgetc(pfread);
    switch (first)
    {
    case'\n'://遇到换行变为正常代码
        fputc(first, pfwrite);
        *ps = NUL_STATE;
        break;
    case EOF://遇到EOF结束
        *ps = END_STATE;
        break;
    default:
        fputc(first, pfwrite);
        break;
    }
}


void CommentCovert(FILE *pfread, FILE *pfwrite)
{
    State state = NUL_STATE;
    while (state != END_STATE)
    {
        switch (state)
        {
        case NUL_STATE:
        {
            DoNulState(pfread,pfwrite, &state);

        }
        break;
        case C_STATE:
        {
             DoCState(pfread, pfwrite, &state);

        }
        break;
        case CPP_STATE:
        {
             DoCppState(pfread, pfwrite, &state);

        }
        break;
        case END_STATE:
            break;
        }
    }
}

CommentConvert.h

#ifndef __CommentConvert_H__
#define  __CommentConvert_H__ 

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>


typedef  enum State
{
    NUL_STATE,
    C_STATE,
    CPP_STATE,
    END_STATE
}State;
void DoNulState(FILE *pfread, FILE *pfwrite, State *ps);
void DoCState(FILE *pfread, FILE *pfwrite, State *ps);
void DoCppState(FILE *pfread, FILE *pfwrite, State *ps);
void CommentCovert(FILE *pfread, FILE *pfwrite);
#endif // __CommentConvert_H__

结果如下：